Question 1

Protective factors

Accepted Answer

influences that enable an
individual to promote and
maintain high levels of
mental wellbeing, can be biological, psychological, or social

Question 2

how do they work

Accepted Answer

• reducing the risk of low levels of mental wellbeing or developing a mental health disorder
• increasing the likelihood of high levels of mental wellbeing

Question 3

garantee

Accepted Answer

do not guarantee high levels of mental wellbeing, but rather they may
help to improve an individual’s mental wellbeing. individual protective factors are not always a solution to managing low levels of mental
wellbeing

Question 4

Biological protective factors

Accepted Answer

influences that stem from
an individual’s brain and/or
body that can maintain or
promote mental wellbeing

Question 5

Adequate nutrition and hydration

Accepted Answer

when the type
and amount of food and
drink that an individual
consumes meet their
physical needs, This can include ensuring that an individual
has sufficient water, carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin, and mineral intake.

Question 6

link to MW

Accepted Answer

research tends to indicate that
a Mediterranean-style diet, abundant in unprocessed foods, can promote mental wellbeing
by reducing the risk of experiencing mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety

Question 7

A Mediterranean diet often has high amounts of:

Accepted Answer

• fruits
• vegetables
• legumes
• nuts and seeds.

Question 8

A Western diet often has high amounts of:

Accepted Answer

highly processed foods
• alcohol
• added sugar, salt, and saturated and trans fats.

Question 9

hhydration recomendation

Accepted Answer

recommended that individuals drink 2–3 litres of water per day

for optimal physiological functioning. Research has suggested that drinking enough water
is beneficial for mental wellbeing

Question 10

Sleep

Accepted Answer

a regular and
naturally occurring altered
state of consciousness
that involves a loss
of awareness and
disengagement
with internal and
external stimuli

Question 11

link to MW

Accepted Answer

a link between
poor sleep (sleep deprivation and/or sleep-related problems) and mental illness  Good sleep is likely to reduce the likelihood of mental health disorders
and promote mental wellbeing, therefore acting as a protective facto

Question 12

bidirectional reletionship

Accepted Answer

Both adequate nutrition and hydration, as well as sleep, have a bidirectional relationship with
mental wellbeing. This means that while nutrition and sleep can influence mental wellbeing,
mental wellbeing can influence nutrition and sleep

Question 13

Psychological protective factors

Accepted Answer

influences that relate to
mental processes that can
maintain and promote
mental wellbeing

Question 14

Cognitive behavioural
strategies

Accepted Answer

techniques
that utilise traits of
cognitive behavioural
therapy, particularly
recognising and changing
dysfunctional thought and
behavioural patterns, 
acknowledes and changes thoughts and behaviours that impair MW and promote it

Question 15

The cognitive component involves:

Accepted Answer

– identifying dysfunctional feelings and thoughts (cognitions) about the issue.
– replacing these dysfunctional feelings and thoughts with more functional ones.

Question 16

The behavioural component involves:

Accepted Answer

– identifying dysfunctional behaviours relating to the issue.
– developing and maintaining more functional behaviours relating to the issue.

Question 17

Mindfulness meditation

Accepted Answer

the practice of meditation
in which an individual
focuses on their present
experience to promote
feelings of calm and peace

Question 18

includes

Accepted Answer

a specific
type of meditation that encourages an individual to pay attention to the present moment,
including their current feelings, thoughts, and surroundings. requires observe their present experience with kindness and
without judgement

Question 19

process

Accepted Answer

can be practised by sitting comfortably and
focusing attention on your senses. Furthermore, research suggests that mindfulness meditation
can benefit mental wellbein

Question 20

mindfulness meditation can:

Accepted Answer

• improve emotional reactivity
• reduce the likelihood of rumination (repeatedly considering negative thoughts)
• reduce stress
• improve memory

Question 21

Social protective factors

Accepted Answer

influences that
exist in an individual’s
social environment that
can maintain and promote
mental wellbeing

Question 22

Support

Accepted Answer

genuine and
effective assistance
provided by family, friends,
and community

Question 23

what does it do

Accepted Answer

provide comfort and reassurance and can encourage individuals to develop
different strategies to promote their MW. In order for support to be effective in
promoting mental wellbeing, it is important to ensure that it is authentic and energising

Question 24

This means ensuring that the support being provided:

Accepted Answer

• genuinely aims to promote mental wellbeing
• is focused on creating an environment that is likely to improve mental wellbeing
• uses legitimate and effective advice.

Question 25

family

Accepted Answer

• Unconditional love when makes a mistake
• Regular catch-ups to vent emotions/share
• Familiar perspectives to go back to when unsure
• A sense of belonging to a relatively static group
• Encouragement to change and avoid unhealthy behaviours

Question 26

fiends

Accepted Answer

• Fun and energising experience
• Support in difficult time
• Fun and energising experiences
• Levels of intimacy not family
• Support in difficult times
• Reduction of stress and an increase in happiness
• A sense of belonging
• A sense of purpose

Question 27

Community

Accepted Answer

• Opportunities for interaction and bonding
• A sense of belonging and connectedness to a wider social circle
• A sense of moral accomplishment
• Opportunities for personal growth and learning
• Facilities and services for support

Question 28

Determinants of
wellbeing

Accepted Answer

factors that
influence wellbeing
on individual and
community levels

Question 29

types

Accepted Answer

There are many determinants of wellbeing, ranging from influences
in the physical environment to economic factors.

Question 30

Culture

Accepted Answer

a strong sense
of identity, values,
tradition, and connection
between the past, present
and future that drives
behaviour and beliefs

Question 31

link to Aboriginal

Accepted Answer

considered  important
determinant of wellbeing. can
be understood as encompassing a strong sense of identity, values, tradition, and connection
between the past, present, and future that drives behaviour and beliefs.

Question 32

The Lowitja Institute explains that,

Accepted Answer

culture
is about the life-giving values from which individuals, families, and communities can draw
strength, resilience, and empowerment, thus contributing to health and wellbeing, way of life that is shared and learned

Question 33

Cultural continuity

Accepted Answer

the passing down and
active practice of cultural
knowledge, traditions, and
values from generation
to generation

Question 34

how can it be achived

Accepted Answer

through a variety
of cultural practices, including engaging with arts, crafts, music, dance, theatre, writing,
storytelling, languages, food, and so much more.

Question 35

how is it disrupted or destroyed

Accepted Answer

if cultural practices are not allowed to
continue.eg  For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, this occurred with the arrival
of the British first fleet in 1788

Question 36

inclde

Accepted Answer

British colonisation practices, assimilation and ‘protection’ policies saw many First Nations
people violently separated from their families, and punished for speaking their languages or
honouring their culture

Question 37

therfore

Accepted Answer

cultural continuity is a vital cultural determinant
for the re-establishment and maintenance of wellbeing in aboriginal
communities, and Indigenous populations worldwide, as it enables communities to heal and
form strong identities.

Question 38

Self-determination

Accepted Answer

the rights of all peoples
to pursue freely their
economic, social, and
cultural development
without outside
interference, an important cultural determinant of wellbeing

Question 39

requires

Accepted Answer

that First Nations people are involved in ‘every layer of decision
making’ , including decisions that impact communities, states, and the
country as a whole.

Question 40

what does this self-determination look like

Accepted Answer

• community-controlled organisations.
• established partnerships between communities, governments, and non-government
organisations
• constitutional recognition

Question 41

Autonomy link

Accepted Answer

Autonomy/ independence are very
important aspects of wellbeing for individuals because it enables individuals to feel in control
over their own lives and live on their own terms. same as self fetermination integral for maintenace wellbeing, protection

Psych Chapter 10

10A, 10B

Question	Answer
Protective factors	influences that enable an individual to promote and maintain high levels of mental wellbeing, can be biological, psychological, or social
how do they work	• reducing the risk of low levels of mental wellbeing or developing a mental health disorder • increasing the likelihood of high levels of mental wellbeing
garantee	do not guarantee high levels of mental wellbeing, but rather they may help to improve an individual’s mental wellbeing. individual protective factors are not always a solution to managing low levels of mental wellbeing
Biological protective factors	influences that stem from an individual’s brain and/or body that can maintain or promote mental wellbeing
Adequate nutrition and hydration	when the type and amount of food and drink that an individual consumes meet their physical needs, This can include ensuring that an individual has sufficient water, carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin, and mineral intake.
link to MW	research tends to indicate that a Mediterranean-style diet, abundant in unprocessed foods, can promote mental wellbeing by reducing the risk of experiencing mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety
A Mediterranean diet often has high amounts of:	• fruits • vegetables • legumes • nuts and seeds.
A Western diet often has high amounts of:	highly processed foods • alcohol • added sugar, salt, and saturated and trans fats.
hhydration recomendation	recommended that individuals drink 2–3 litres of water per day for optimal physiological functioning. Research has suggested that drinking enough water is beneficial for mental wellbeing
Sleep	a regular and naturally occurring altered state of consciousness that involves a loss of awareness and disengagement with internal and external stimuli
link to MW	a link between poor sleep (sleep deprivation and/or sleep-related problems) and mental illness Good sleep is likely to reduce the likelihood of mental health disorders and promote mental wellbeing, therefore acting as a protective facto
bidirectional reletionship	Both adequate nutrition and hydration, as well as sleep, have a bidirectional relationship with mental wellbeing. This means that while nutrition and sleep can influence mental wellbeing, mental wellbeing can influence nutrition and sleep
Psychological protective factors	influences that relate to mental processes that can maintain and promote mental wellbeing
Cognitive behavioural strategies	techniques that utilise traits of cognitive behavioural therapy, particularly recognising and changing dysfunctional thought and behavioural patterns, acknowledes and changes thoughts and behaviours that impair MW and promote it
The cognitive component involves:	– identifying dysfunctional feelings and thoughts (cognitions) about the issue. – replacing these dysfunctional feelings and thoughts with more functional ones.
The behavioural component involves:	– identifying dysfunctional behaviours relating to the issue. – developing and maintaining more functional behaviours relating to the issue.
Mindfulness meditation	the practice of meditation in which an individual focuses on their present experience to promote feelings of calm and peace
includes	a specific type of meditation that encourages an individual to pay attention to the present moment, including their current feelings, thoughts, and surroundings. requires observe their present experience with kindness and without judgement
process	can be practised by sitting comfortably and focusing attention on your senses. Furthermore, research suggests that mindfulness meditation can benefit mental wellbein
mindfulness meditation can:	• improve emotional reactivity • reduce the likelihood of rumination (repeatedly considering negative thoughts) • reduce stress • improve memory
Social protective factors	influences that exist in an individual’s social environment that can maintain and promote mental wellbeing
Support	genuine and effective assistance provided by family, friends, and community
what does it do	provide comfort and reassurance and can encourage individuals to develop different strategies to promote their MW. In order for support to be effective in promoting mental wellbeing, it is important to ensure that it is authentic and energising
This means ensuring that the support being provided:	• genuinely aims to promote mental wellbeing • is focused on creating an environment that is likely to improve mental wellbeing • uses legitimate and effective advice.
family	• Unconditional love when makes a mistake • Regular catch-ups to vent emotions/share • Familiar perspectives to go back to when unsure • A sense of belonging to a relatively static group • Encouragement to change and avoid unhealthy behaviours
fiends	• Fun and energising experience • Support in difficult time • Fun and energising experiences • Levels of intimacy not family • Support in difficult times • Reduction of stress and an increase in happiness • A sense of belonging • A sense of purpose
Community	• Opportunities for interaction and bonding • A sense of belonging and connectedness to a wider social circle • A sense of moral accomplishment • Opportunities for personal growth and learning • Facilities and services for support
Determinants of wellbeing	factors that influence wellbeing on individual and community levels
types	There are many determinants of wellbeing, ranging from influences in the physical environment to economic factors.
Culture	a strong sense of identity, values, tradition, and connection between the past, present and future that drives behaviour and beliefs
link to Aboriginal	considered important determinant of wellbeing. can be understood as encompassing a strong sense of identity, values, tradition, and connection between the past, present, and future that drives behaviour and beliefs.
The Lowitja Institute explains that,	culture is about the life-giving values from which individuals, families, and communities can draw strength, resilience, and empowerment, thus contributing to health and wellbeing, way of life that is shared and learned
Cultural continuity	the passing down and active practice of cultural knowledge, traditions, and values from generation to generation
how can it be achived	through a variety of cultural practices, including engaging with arts, crafts, music, dance, theatre, writing, storytelling, languages, food, and so much more.
how is it disrupted or destroyed	if cultural practices are not allowed to continue.eg For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, this occurred with the arrival of the British first fleet in 1788
inclde	British colonisation practices, assimilation and ‘protection’ policies saw many First Nations people violently separated from their families, and punished for speaking their languages or honouring their culture
therfore	cultural continuity is a vital cultural determinant for the re-establishment and maintenance of wellbeing in aboriginal communities, and Indigenous populations worldwide, as it enables communities to heal and form strong identities.
Self-determination	the rights of all peoples to pursue freely their economic, social, and cultural development without outside interference, an important cultural determinant of wellbeing
requires	that First Nations people are involved in ‘every layer of decision making’ , including decisions that impact communities, states, and the country as a whole.
what does this self-determination look like	• community-controlled organisations. • established partnerships between communities, governments, and non-government organisations • constitutional recognition
Autonomy link	Autonomy/ independence are very important aspects of wellbeing for individuals because it enables individuals to feel in control over their own lives and live on their own terms. same as self fetermination integral for maintenace wellbeing, protection

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