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Histology

Microscope and Tissue Identification

QuestionAnswer
Location of epithelial tissue Lining body cavities, covering body surfaces, forms most glands
Function of epithelial tissue Protection, absorption, secretion, excretion, filtration, lubrication, sensory reception
Characteristics of epithelial tissue High cell to extracellular matrix ratio, polarity, avascular, innervated, high regenerative capacity
Apical surface Side of cell bordering extracellular matrix
Basal surface Side of cell next to base layer
Simple Single layer of cells
Stratified Many layers of cells
Squamous Flattened cell with disc-like nucleus
Cuboidal Cube-like cell with central circular nucleus
Columnar Vertical rectangular cell with oval nucleus
Simple Squamous Epithelium Characteristics Single layer of flat cells with protruding disc-like nuclei
Simple Squamous Epithelium Location Renal corpuscles, lung alveoli, endothelium, serosae
Simple Squamous Epithelium Function Passive diffusion and filtration, secretes lubricating substances
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Characteristics Single layer of cube-ish cells with central spherical nuclei
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Location Liver, ovaries, kidney tubes, bronchioles, secretory parts of small glands
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function Secretion and absorption, produce mucus, movement
Simple Columnar Epithelium Characteristics Single layer of tall rectangular cells with oval nuclei (possible cilia or goblet cells)
Simple Columnar Epithelium Location Ciliated: small bronchi, uterus, uterine tubes Non-ciliated: GI tract, gallbladder, kidney, gland ducts
Simple Columnar Epithelium Absorption, propulsion of mucus, secretion
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Characteristics Single layer of columnar-ish cells that start at basal layer but have varying heights (may have cilia or goblet cells)
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Location Ciliated: respiratory tract Non-ciliated: ducts of male reproduction tract and urethra, large glands
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Function Secretion and propulsion of mucus
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Characteristics Many layers of squamous cells, deeper layers look cuboidal/columnar, may be keratinized
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Location Keratinized: epidermis Non-keratinized: lining of esophagus, vagina
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Function Protect against pathogens and abrasions, minimize water loss (skin)
Transitional Epithelium Characteristics Many layers of cells, squamous at basal layer to dome-shaped cuboidal/columnar at apical layer
Transitional Epithelium Location Ureters, urinary bladder, part of uterus
Transitional Epithelium Function Stretch to allow distention in urinary and reproductive tract
Nervous Tissue Characteristics Low cell to ECM ratio, visible neurons and neuroglial cells
Nervous Tissue Location Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Nervous Tissue Function Rapid communication of info throughout the body
Created by: XiaoYiSheng
 

 



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