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Landforms
Landforms - Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weathering | The breaking down of rocks and minerals into sediments by physical, chemical, or biological processes |
| Erosion | The movement of soil or sediment from one location to another by water, ice or wind |
| Deposition | When particles carried by water, ice or wind are deposited (dropped) in another location |
| Butte | A small mesa |
| Canyon | A deep and narrow valley with steep sides, home to few plants and animals |
| Cave | A hollow place underground, in a hill, or along a cliff |
| Chemical Weathering | When the minerals in a rock are changed, causing the rock to break down |
| Delta | An area of land formed by sediments deposited by rivers |
| Glacier | A sheet of ice that is always moving |
| Ice Wedging | A type of weathering in which water fills rock cracks, freezes, expands, and breaks apart the rock |
| Landform | A natural feature of Earth |
| Mesa | A hill with steep sides and a flat top |
| Physical Weathering | When bigger rocks are broken down into smaller rocks |
| Plucking | When a glacier breaks pieces off a rock that are then frozen into and carried off by the glacier as it moves |
| Sediment (process of Sedimentation) | Bits of broken rock that are carried by wind, water, or ice |
| Soil | A mix of sediments and broken-down pieces of living things |
| Valley | A low area of land between hills or mountains, usually with a river flowing through it |
| Earthquake | A sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement of tectonic plates deep inside the Earth |
| Hurricane | A massive, swirling tropical storm with heavy rain and very strong winds that forms over the ocean |
| Thunderstorm | A heavy rainstorm that brings lightening, thunder, and sometimes strong winds |
| Tornado | A fast-spinning funnel of air that stretches from a storm cloud down to the ground |
| Tsunami | A giant, powerful ocean wave usually caused by an earthquake under the water |
| Hydrosphere | All the water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, ice and rain |
| Atmosphere | The blanket of air that surrounds the Earth |
| Recycle | To turn old trash (like plastic bottles or paper) into brand new things instead of throwing them away |
| Pesticide | A chemical used by farmers or gardeners to kill bugs that damage plants |
| Water Treatment | The process of cleaning dirty water so that it is safe for humans and animals to use or drink |
| Toxic Chemicals | Poisonous substances that can harm or kill living things if they are breathed in, swallowed, or touched |
| Rainforests | Thick, warm forests that get a huge amount of rain every year and are home to millions of plants and animals |
| Climate | The usual weather pattern of a place over a very long period of time |
| Greenhouse Effect | The way the atmosphere traps heat from the sun to keep Earth warm, acting like a cozy blanket |
| Landslide | A large amount of dirt and rock that suddenly slides down a hill or mountain |
| Volcano | An opening in the Earth's crust that can melt and shoot out hot liquid rock (lava), ash, and gases |
| Avalanche | A huge pile of snow and ice that suddenly slides down a mountain |
| Plains | Large areas of flat land with very few trees |
| Flood | An overflow of too much water onto land that is usually dry |
| Mountain | Highest landform on the surface of the earth; a Mountain range is a series of mountains. |
| Hill | Lower than mountains but higher than their surrounding areas. They are usually covered with grass and hills running together form a 'range of hills' |
| Geosphere | The solid, rocky parts of the Earth, like the ground, rocks, and mountains |
| Biosphere | All the living things on Earth, including plants, animals and humans |
| Sand Dunes | Large hills of sand |
| Marsh/Swamp | A type of wetland filled with water, mud, and tall grasses |
| River | Freshwater flowing across the surface of the land, usually to the sea |
| Plateau | A flat topped highland with steep sides. They are usually surrounded by steep rock faces called cliffs |
| Island | A piece of land surrounded by water on all sides |
| Archipelago | A large group of islands close to each other |
| Peninsula | A piece of land that is surrounded by water from three sides |
| Plant Roots | The parts of a plant that grown underground to hold it in place and soak up water and nutrients from the soil |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Kmsteffes