click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
GI 2
with essential knowledge
| Generic | Brand | Category | Indication | Side Effects | US Box Warning | Other Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| famotidine (PO, IV) (PO: OTC) | Pepcid, Zantac 360 | Histamine (H2) antagonist | GERD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headache, constipation, diarrhea, mental status changes | ||
| metoclopramide (PO, IV) | Reglan | Dopamine (D2) antagonist | Gastroparesis, GERD, nausea, vomiting | drowsiness, dystonia, akathisia, EPS, QTc prolongation, diarrhea, hyperprolactinemia | may cause tardive dyskinesia, do not use >12 weeks | CI with GI obstruction, perforation, or hemorrhage |
| ondansetron (PO, IV) | Zofran, Zofran ODT, Zuplenz | Selective serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist | Nausea, vomiting | headache, fatigue, constipation, QTc prolongation | ||
| promethazine (PO, IM, IV, PR) | Phenergan | Histamine (H1) antagonist | Motion sickness, nausea, vomiting | drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, QTc prolongation, EPS | potential for fatal respiratory depression in patients <2 years old; injection can cause peripheral extravasation (preferred parenteral route is IM) | |
| meclizine (PO) (OTC) | Bonine | Histamine (H1) antagonist | Motion sickness, vertigo | drowsiness, dry mouth, blurry vision | ||
| diphenoxylate and atropine (PO) | Lomotil | Antidiarrheal | Diarrhea | nausea, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, tachycardia, urinary retention | do not use in diarrhea associated with enterotoxin-producing bacteria or in children <6 years of age | |
| dexlansoprazole (PO) | Dexilant | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) | GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia, increased risk of Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) | ||
| esomeprazole (PO, IV) (OTC) | Nexium | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) | GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia, increased risk of Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) | ||
| lansoprazole (PO) (OTC) | Prevacid | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) | GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia, increased risk of Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) | ||
| omeprazole (PO) (OTC) | Prilosec | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) | GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia, increased risk of Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) | ||
| pantoprazole (PO, IV) | Protonix | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) | GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP | headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia, increased risk of Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) | ||
| sucralfate (PO) | Carafate | Gastrointestinal protectant | duodenal ulcers | constipation, bezoar formation | take on an empty stomach; many drug interactions due to reducing absorption of other drugs |