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CIvics ch 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "Why is the Constitution not considered a Christian document | Because it never mentions God directly |
| "What Christian principle influenced the Founders view of human nature | Recognition of human sinfulness and tendency to misuse power |
| "What did distrust of human nature lead the Founders to include | Checks and balances separation of powers and restraints on government |
| "Why is the Constitution brief and general | To stay relevant and adaptable over time |
| "What is the length of the Constitution compared to its amendments | About four thousand words originally extended to seven thousand with amendments |
| "What are strict constructionists | Those who prefer a literal interpretation of the Constitution |
| "What are broad constructionists | Those who prefer a flexible interpretation of the Constitution |
| "What case interpreted privacy rights from the Constitution | Griswold v Connecticut 1965 |
| "What did Griswold v Connecticut establish | Broader constitutional rights of privacy overturning a contraceptive law |
| "What did Charles Evans Hughes say about constitutional interpretation | We are under a Constitution but the Constitution is what the judges say it is |
| "What clause gives Congress power to make necessary laws | The Necessary and Proper Clause also called the Elastic Clause |
| "What tradition did George Washington set that became law | Limiting the presidency to two terms |
| "What is an example of presidents adapting constitutional powers | Assuming new responsibilities to expand their office |
| "What article of the Constitution describes the amendment process | Article V |
| "What are the two phases of the amendment process | Proposal and ratification |
| "What are the two ways to propose an amendment | Two thirds vote in Congress or national convention called by two thirds of states |
| "What are the two ways to ratify an amendment | Approval by three fourths of state legislatures or three fourths of state conventions |
| "What time limit does Congress usually set for amendment ratification | Seven years |
| "How many amendments exist including the Bill of Rights | Twenty seven |
| "What was the original method used to approve the Constitution itself | Three fourths of special state ratification conventions |
| "What is limited government | Government power is restricted to what the people grant through law |
| "Why does a written Constitution support limited government | Because rulers are bound to its laws |
| "What is the central purpose of limited government | To protect individual freedom |
| "What are the three branches of the national government | Legislative executive and judicial |
| "What does separation of powers prevent | Any individual or group from gaining too much control |
| "Why must the three branches cooperate | Because their responsibilities overlap and the government cannot function otherwise |
| "What physical locations symbolize separation of powers | Congress in the Capitol the President in the White House and the Supreme Court in its own building |
| "What is the purpose of checks and balances | Each branch can limit the power of the others |
| "What is one check the president has on Congress | The power to veto laws |
| "What is one check Congress has on high officials | The power of impeachment |
| "What is a disadvantage of checks and balances | It can cause inefficiency and gridlock |
| "What is an advantage of checks and balances | It prevents concentration of power and protects liberty |
| What amendment sets two terms for the President? | The 22nd Amendment. |
| What was the last state to ratify the constitution? | Rhode Island |
| What is judicial review? | Laws contradicting the judicial version of the Constitution can be struck down or overturned. |
| Is judicial review clearly defined in the Constitution? | No. It is assumed today but is not clearly defined in the Constitution. |
| When was the principle of judicial review first asserted? | It was first asserted in 1803 when John Marshall used it in the Marbury v. Madison case. |
| What was the Line Item Veto Act of 1996? | It allowed the president to veto specific parts of a bill rather than the entire bill. |
| Why was the Line Item Veto Act declared unconstitutional? | The Supreme Court ruled in 1998 that it would change the constitutional process for how a bill becomes law. |
| What is federalism? | Federalism is the division of power between the national and state levels of government. |
| How did federalism develop? | Federalism developed as a unique contribution from the colonial and Confederation periods. |
| Which amendment provides the clearest definition of federalism? | The Tenth Amendment. |
| What does the Tenth Amendment say about federalism? | "The powers not delegated to the Constitution |
| What is popular sovereignty? | Popular sovereignty is the idea that people are the ultimate source of their government’s authority. |
| What potential conflict can popular sovereignty create? | It can sometimes conflict with scriptural commands to obey existing authorities established by God. |
| Is popular sovereignty explicitly stated in the Constitution? | No. It is more of a general theme than an explicitly stated principle. |
| What phrase in the Preamble is often used as evidence of popular sovereignty? | "We the People" is often cited as evidence of popular sovereignty. |
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