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Anatomy exam 1
anatomy definitions, planes, orientation, movement
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy definition (and applied) | structure and parts of an organism -Applied Anatomy: for diagnosing and treating |
| physiology definition | function/purpose of a living organism and its components |
| axis definition | midline of a structure |
| axial skeleton | skeleton type, bones of head and trunk -spine is axis/midline |
| appendicular skeleton | skeleton type, bones of the appendages -arms, legs |
| neuroaxis | axis/midline of the brain |
| anatomical reference position | body is erect -palms, hands, arms face forward |
| parts of the body | 1. skull 2. upper extremities (shoulder to hand) 3. trunk/torso 4. lower extremities (pelvis down) |
| body planes | 1. coronal plane (or frontal) 2. sagittal plane 3. transverse plane |
| coronal/frontal plane | divides FRONT and BACK |
| sagittal plane | divides LEFT and RIGHT |
| transverse plane | divides UP and DOWN |
| differences in embryo orientation use | do not use superior/inferior or anterior/posterior use: dorsal/ventral and rostral/caudal |
| lateral view of body | viewing from side |
| anterior view of body | viewing from front |
| anterior/ventral (rostral) | toward front of body -anterior = head -ventral = torso |
| posterior/dorsal | toward back of body -posterior refers to head dorsal refers to torso |
| superior/rostral | toward the head |
| inferior / Caudal | toward the feet |
| medial | closer to midline of the body |
| lateral | further from midline |
| proximal | nearer to trunk/point of origin |
| distal | farther from trunk/point of origin |
| superficial | near surface of the body -not deep |
| deep | more internal than superficical |
| supine | laying on back -up |
| prone | laying on belly -down |
| dorsal trunk | known as the 'back' |
| 2 parts of trunk/torso | thorax and abdomen |
| cranial cavity | brain |
| vertebral canal | spinal cord |
| thoracic cavity | lungs and diaphragm |
| pericardial cavity | heart |
| abdominal cavity | digestive organs |