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Unit 1 Topic 3 Vocab

Macromolecules

TermDefinition
Organic Compound The main chemical components of living organisms
Macromolecule A large molecule made of small molecules
Monomer The "building blocks" that we get from the food we eat
Polymer A large molecule made by linking smaller repeating building blocks called monomers
Carbohydrate Are a class of macromolecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, in a 1:2:1 ratio
Monosaccharide The most basic carbohydrates are simple sugars such as glucose, are known as monosaccharide
Disaccharide They are two monosaccharide units joined together.
Lipid Are a broad group of fatty, oily compounds that do not mix well with water.
Phospolipid They make up the protective outer membrane of all cells.
Protein A polymer made of monomers called amino acids. They are composed of 5 elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
Amino Acid Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.
Enzyme These are biological catalysts that speeds up chemical reactions by breaking down molecules, and synthesizing new ones.
Nucleic Acid This biomolecule is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This biomolecule are polymers composed of monomers called nucleotides
Nucleotide Is a three-part unit that consists of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
 

 



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