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Phlebotomy Ch 4
Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| airborne infection isolation precautions | for patients known to have or suspected of having a disease transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei |
| airborne transmissions | either airborne droplet nuclei or dust particles containing the infectious microorganism |
| Bloodborne pathogens (BBPs) | infectious agents carried in blood, certain body fluids, and unfixed (unpreserved) tissues |
| chain of infection | reservoir, mode of transmittion, susceptible host |
| common vehicle transmission | common source that causes multiple cases of disease |
| contact precautions | for patients known to have or suspected of having diseases or conditions transmitted by direct patient contact or by contact with items in the patients environment |
| contact transmission | most common and important transmission route for HAIs |
| COVID-19 | a contagious infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus |
| droplet nuclei | small particles that can remain in the air for long periods |
| droplet precautions | for patients known to have or suspected of having a disease transmitted by large infectious droplets |
| droplet transmission | generated from coughing, sneezing, or talking |
| exposure control plan | describes all the elements for preventing the spread of infection |
| fomite | contaminated object |
| healthcare-associated infection (HAI) | infections contracted by a patient during a hospital stay |
| hepatitis B virus (HBV) | bloodborne virus |
| high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) | infectious agents found in the environment that can cause disease via airborne route |
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | Bloodborne virus |
| infection | invasion & growth of a microorganism in the human body |
| isolation | separation of an infection source from susceptible hosts |
| micrometer | a precision tool used to measure small distances, thicknesses, or diameters with extremely high accuracy |
| nosocomial infection | hospital associated infection |
| opportunistic microorganism | microorganisms living and multiplying on and within the body without causing disease, unless a break in skin, etc. |
| pathogen | infectious organisms |
| personal protective equipment (PPE) | barriers and respirators used alone or in combination to protest from contact with infectious agents |
| protective environment (PE) | reverse isolation |
| reservoir | source of infection |
| resident flora | harmless, permanent microorganisms that naturally live on the surface and within the deeper layers of a patient’s skin |
| respiratory hygiene/ cough etiquette | a set of infection-control practices integrated into standard precautions to prevent the person-to-person transmission of respiratory pathogens |
| sepsis | life-threatening medical emergency caused by the body's extreme, dysregulated response to an infection |
| standard precautions | infection control measures that use barrier protection and work practice controls to prevent contact between skin, body fluids, etc. from all people |
| transmission-based precautions | for patients known to be or suspected of being infected with a highly transmissible pathogen |
| vectors | organisms that carry infectious agents such as ticks, mosquitoes, etc. |
Created by:
alexis.bond