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key terms 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| airborne infection isolation precautions | Use of protective devices that reduce the spread of airborne droplet transmission of infectious agents such rubeloa. |
| airborne transmission | when infectious germs spread through tiny particles and droplets suspended in the air. |
| bloodborne pathogens | Pathogenic microorganisms, including hepatitis B virus and HIV that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. |
| chain of infection | The process by which infections are transmitted. |
| common vehicle transmission | spreads an infectious pathogen to multiple people simultaneously |
| contact precautions | Protective measures that reduce the risk of transmission of serious disease through direct and indirect contact. |
| contact transmission | the spread of germs and infectious diseases when a person physically touches an infected individual or a contaminated object |
| COVID-19 | contagious disease caused by the coronavirus |
| droplet nuclei | tiny, dried-out residue particles left behind when liquid respiratory droplets evaporate in the air |
| droplet precautions | Used to reduce the transmission of diseases that are transmitted though mucous membranes of the eye mouth, or nose. |
| droplet transmission | hen germs travel on large respiratory drops from coughs, sneezes, talks, or songs and land directly on another person's eyes, nose, or mouth. |
| exposure control plan | a written document required by OSHA that helps employers eliminate or minimize worker exposure to hazards like bloodborne pathogens |
| healthcare-associated infection | Infections acquired after admission into a health facility |
| hepatitis B virus | attacks the liver and causes inflammation |
| high-efficiency particulate air | a dense, pleated mechanical air filter |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | a retrovirus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4 white blood cells |
| infection | when tiny germs enter the body, grow, and multiply |
| isolation | the condition of being completely or largely separated from other people, places, or things |
| micrometer | a precision measuring tool that uses a calibrated screw to take extremely accurate measurements of small objects |
| noscomial infection | an illness a person catches while receiving medical care in a hospital, nursing home, or clinic |
| opportunistic microorganism | harmless or helpful microorganisms that cause disease only when the host's immune system or natural defenses are weakened |
| pathogen | any biological agent, such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or parasite, that can cause disease or illness in a hos |
| personal protective equipment | pecialized gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries, illnesses, or infections |
| protective environment | a specialized hospital room designed to shield severely immunocompromised patients |
| reservoir | a strategic advisory and communications firm that partners with healthcare innovators, life sciences companies, and advocacy organizations |
| resident flora | the permanent community of microorganisms—including bacteria, fungi, and viruses—that naturally live on or inside specific parts of the human body without causing harm. |
| respiratory hygiene/ cough etiquette | simple infection-control measures used to stop the spread of airborne and droplet respiratory viruses |
| sepsis | a life-threatening medical emergency that happens when the body has an extreme, toxic response to an infection |
| stadndard precaution | minimum infection control practices used during all patient care, regardless of a person's known or suspected infection status |
| transmission- based precautions | extra infection control steps used in healthcare settings alongside standard precautions for patients known or suspected to be infected with highly transmissible pathogens |
| vectors | human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses, and bacteria that are transmitted by living carriers like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas |
| fomite | Inanimate objects that can harbor infectious agents and transmit infections. |
Created by:
jillian.butcher