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Key terms #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| airborne infection isolation precautions | Use of protective devices that reduce the spread of airborne droplet transmission of infectious agents such rubeloa. |
| airborne transmission | Airborne transmission is the spread of an infectious disease when microscopic pathogen-containing particles travel through the air and are inhaled by another person. |
| bloodborne pathogens | Pathogenic microorganisms, including hepatitis B virus and HIV that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. |
| chain of infection | The process by which infections are transmitted. |
| common vehicle transmission | indirect way an infectious disease spreads when a single contaminated non-living source—a "vehicle"—delivers a pathogen to multiple people. |
| contact precautions | Protective measures that reduce the risk of transmission of serious disease through direct and indirect contact. |
| contact transmission | the spread of infectious agents through either direct physical touch or indirect contact with contaminated objects. |
| COVID-19 | a contagious respiratory illness caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 |
| droplet nuclei | tiny, dried-out residue particles left behind when liquid respiratory droplets evaporate in the air |
| droplet precautions | infection control measures used to prevent the spread of diseases that travel through large respiratory droplets |
| droplet transmission | Droplet transmission is the spread of a contagious disease through heavy respiratory drops containing viruses or bacteria. |
| exposure control plan fomite | a written workplace document required by OSHA to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens and other potentially infectious materials |
| healthcare-associated infection | infections that patients catch while receiving medical care in hospitals, long-term care facilities, or outpatient clinics |
| hepatitis B virus | attacks the liver and causes inflammation |
| high-efficiency particulate airborne | removes at least 99.97% of airborne particles as small as 0.3 micrometers in diameter |
| human immunodeficiency virus | a retrovirus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically destroying CD4 T cells, and can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated |
| infection | when tiny germs enter the body, grow, and multiply |
| isolation | the objective state of having an absence or minimal deficiency of social relationships and contact with other people |
| micrometer | a precision measuring tool that uses a calibrated screw to take extremely accurate measurements of small objects |
| nosocomial infection | an illness a person catches while receiving medical care in a hospital, nursing home, or clinic |
| opportunistic microorganism | harmless or helpful microorganisms that cause disease only when the host's immune system or natural defenses are weakened |
| pathogen | any biological agent, such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or parasite, that can cause disease or illness in a host |
| personal protective equipment | Personal protective equipment (PPE) is specialized gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries, illnesses, or infections |
| protective environment | a specialized hospital care area designed to safeguard severely immunocompromised patients |
| reservoir | a natural or artificial lake used to store and supply fresh water |
| resident flora | the permanent community of microorganisms—including bacteria, fungi, and viruses—that naturally live on or inside specific parts of the human body without causing harm |
| respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette | simple infection-control measures used to stop the spread of airborne and droplet respiratory viruses like the flu, colds, and COVID-19 |
| sepsis | a life-threatening medical emergency that happens when the body has an extreme, runaway immune response to an infection. |
| standard precautions | minimum infection control practices used during all patient care, regardless of a person's known or suspected infection status |
| transmission-based precautions | extra infection control steps used in healthcare settings alongside standard precautions for patients known or suspected to be infected with highly transmissible pathogens |
| vectors | a mathematical quantity that has both a magnitude (size or length) and a directio |
Created by:
reese.baughman