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chapter 1 section 3

QuestionAnswer
Which theorist is known as the founder of sociology? August Comte
True or false: The bourgeoisie are the exploited workers in the class conflict perspective. False
Which sociologist focused their attention on the causes of suicide? Emeile Durkheim
Which sociologist developed the theory of Social Darwinism? Herbert Spencer
Which sociologist introduced the topic of class conflict? Karl Marx
When did the subject of sociology originate? Middle of 1800's
Define scientific method? Using objective systematic observations to test theories.
How does sociology use the scientific method? Uses the scientific method to do research.
Who is Auguste Comte? Founder of sociology-study of society / coined the term positivism / "armchair philosophy" / Applied positism. Believed to apply the scientific method to social life.
What does aremchair philosophy mean? work done by observations
Define positivism? The application of the scientific approach to the social world.
Define sociology? The scientific study of society and human behavior.
Explain armchair philosophy? The drawing conclusions from informal observations of social life.
Who is Herbert Spencer? Second founder of Sociology/coined "survival of the fittest" - original was Darwin/Social Darwinism:society can be visious and will eat us up / Did not conduct scientific studies/Believed that societies evolve from lower to higher forms/social philosopher
Explain survival of the fittest? The most capable and intelligent members of society survive, while the rest die out.
Who was Karl Marx? History from communism's/founder of class conflict/believed in a classless society/pushed for revolutions/founder of conflict theory/believed capitalism broke traditional thinking/The overthrow of capitalists by the proletariat, was inevitable.
Define class conflict? struggle between capitalist and workers.
Define bourgeoisie? Karl Marx s term for capitalists / those who own the means of production
Define proletariat? Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production / the workers
Who was Emile Durkheim? Helped sociology get recognized as separate academic discipline/studied how social forces affect people behavior/studied suicide/Indentified the key role of social integration in social life remains central.
Define social integration? The degree to which people feel a part of social groups
Who was Max Weber? Believed religion broke tradition and caused social change/wrote "The Protestant Ethic and The Spirit of Capitalism"//He traced the causes of social change to determine social groups affect peoples orientation of life
What happened with Martin Luther King? Catholic Christain is the original religion/Martin Luther King spoke out against indulgence turned into prodistain faith
Explain The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism? Argues that modern capitalism emerged partly because of the religious values taught by ascetic, protestantism, and Calvinism.
Created by: sociology0
 

 



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