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Stack #4710933
unit 1 topic 3 macromolecules
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| organic compounds | chemical molecules built primarily around carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen, oxygen, and other elements |
| macromolecules | very large, complex molecules essential for life, built by joining smaller repeating units |
| monomers | a small molecule that can chemically bond with other similar or identical molecules to form a larger, repeating chain called a polymer |
| carbohydrates | a major macronutrient composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that serve as the body’s primary source of energy |
| lipids | a diverse group of naturally occurring organic molecules, commonly known as fats and oils |
| porteins | large, essential molecules made of amino acids that perform vital functions in every living cell |
| nucleic acids | large biological molecules |
| carbon | chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6 |
| hydration | the process of replacing body fluids to help every cell, tissue, and organ work properly |
| oxygen | colorless, odorless, and tasteless chemical element |
| primary source of energy | Nitrogen and Oxygen |
| monosaccharides | the simplest, basic units of carbohydrates that cannot be broken down into smaller sugars |
| important structural | Important structural elements work together to bear loads and keep buildings safe and stable |
| signaling roles | specific roles for molecules and cellular components that work together to transmit messages |
| molecular backbone | the central, continuous chain of covalently bonded atoms that forms the structural framework of a long-chain molecule or polymer |
| glycerol | a simple, non-toxic sugar alcohol with a chemical formula |
| three fatty acid chains | they form a lipid called a triglyceride |
| long-term energy storage | power systems that can store and deliver electricity for 10 hours or longer |
| phospholipids | a major class of vital lipid molecules that form the fundamental structural backbone of all biological cell membranes |
| nitrogen | chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7 |
| phosphorus | Phosphorus is a chemical element with the symbol P and atomic number 15 |
| nucleotides | organic molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA |
| 5-carbon sugar | simple monosaccharides known as pentoses that contain five carbon atoms in their molecular structure |
| a phosphate group | a chemical group made of one phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms |
| nitrogenous base | an organic molecule containing nitrogen that acts as a building block for Nucleotide base units in DNA and Nucleotide chains |
| adenine pairs with thymine | Thymine always pairs with adenine in DNA |
| guanine pairs with cytosine | to form a strong and stable connection in your genetic code |
| exposing the genetic | uncovering hidden family relationships through consumer testing, revealing vulnerabilities in human DNA, or debunking common science myth |
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