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MusicinSocietyUnit1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rhythm | The organization of music through time/ the way in which one or more unaccented beats are grouped in relation to an accented one. meter/pulse/beat is the background while rhythm is the foreground. |
| Pulse | Any sequence of regularly-spaced sounds (breathing, clock, heartbeat) |
| Tempo | Speed or pace of a given composition/ markings in classical music can either be precise (BPM) or more abstract words that express mood or pace. |
| Meter | the organization of pulses into groupings of strong & weak beats. Duple, triple, quadruple, compound |
| Pitch | the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" / Definite pitch is a tone made up of an organized sound wave <sine, square, sawtooth> while Indefinite pitch is a less organized sound wave. Music almost always consists of both. |
| Frequency | Repetition of a wave pattern per unit of time. Usually measured in HZ. |
| Timbre | Quality of sound (bright vs dark, etc) |
| Overtones | Tones that sound above the fundamental tone and, with the fundamental, comprise a a complex musical tone |
| Amplitude | volume/loudness |
| Articulation | A sound's change over time (mostly regarding volume) |
| Envelope | How quickly a sound begins & ends |
| Melody | Monophonic line that is featured most prominently in music |
| Harmony | pitch-based context to the melody |
| Texture | how the tempo and the melodic and harmonic materials are combined in a musical composition, determining the overall quality of the sound |
| Monophonic | Music has one melodic line & no other pitch material/until about 1k years ago all western music was monophonic |
| Homophonic | Music that has one melodic line with harmonic accompaniment |
| Polyphonic | Music that features 2+ independent melodies. Became prevalent in the Renaissance and likely achieved its peak in the Baroque Era |
| Heterophonic | One line, but not played in strict unison, often with performers embellishing |
| Form | How music is organized through time. Rhythm is also organization of music through time, but this is on a smaller, note-by-note scale than form. Form is more abstract and concerns larger sections of music. |
| Types of form in music | 12 Bar Blues, Verse-Chorus, Sonata, Collage/Moment Form |
| Ostinato | a repeating accompaniment |
| types of definite pitch | sine,square,sawtooth. sine is smooth undulations, square looks like a square, sawtooth is jagged waves. |