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Musculoskeletal

Orthopedics

TermDefinition
-physis growth
osteo/o bone
crani/o head, skull
cervic/o neck
spondyl/o vertebra
lumb/o loin, lower back
brachi/o arm
dactyl/o finger
carp/o wrist
cost/o rib
femor/o femur
tibi/o tibia (shinbone)
tars/o ankle
chondr/o cartilage
arthr/o joint
burs/o bursa
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o tendon (connects muscle to bone)
muscul/o, my/o, myos/o muscle
fasci/o fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)
ton/o tone, tension
kinesi/o movement, motion
tax/o arrangement, order, coordination
ankyl/o stiff, bent
costalgia rib pain
metatarslagia pain in the bones of the foot
ostalgia, osteodynia bone pain
tibialgia tibia pain
spondylodynia vertebra pain
ankylosis joint stiffness
arthralgia, arthrodynia joint pain
cervicodynia neck pain
crepitation a crackling sound heard in joints
genu valgum knock-kneed
genu varum bowlegged
bradykinesia slow movement
dyskinesia inability to control movement
dystaxia poor coordination
dystonia poor muscle tone
graphospasm writer's cramp
hyperkinesia increase in muscle movement or activity
hypertonia increased muscle tone or tightness
kypokinesia decrease in muscle movement or activity
hypotonia decrease in muscle tone or tightness
myalgia, myodynia muscle pain
myasthenia muscle weakness
myospasm muscle spasm
tenalgia tendon pain
arhtrocentesis puncture of a joint
arthroscope instrument for looking into a joint
arthroscopy procedure of looking into a joint
electromyograph a record of the electrical activity of a muscle
electromyography procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
myography procedure for studying the muscles
arthrogram visual record of a joint
athrography procedure used to examine a joint
computed axial tomography (CAT or CT) imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
kyphosis humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
lordosis sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
scoliosis crooked back, abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
carpitis wrist inflammation
craniomalacia softening of the skull
exostosis an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
fracture a bone break
osteodystrohpy poor bone development
osteolysis bone loss
osteonocrosis death of bone
osteosclerosis abnormal hardening of bone
polydactyl having more than the normal number of fingers or toes
spondylitis vertebra inflammation
spondylomalacia softening of the vertebra
syndactyl fusion of fingers or toes (referred to as webbed)
tasoptosis flat feet
bursolith a stone in a bursa
effusion fluid buildup
hemoarthrosis blood in a joint
hydrarthrosis water in a joint
pyarthrosis pus in a joint
atrophy underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue
hypertrophy overdevelopment of muscle tissue
myocele hernia of muscle tissue
myolysis loss of muscle
myomalacia softening of a muscle
myosclerosis hardening of a musccle
myotasis stretching of a uscle
myotonia muscle tone
ACL anterior cruciate ligament
MCL medial collateral ligament
LCL lateral collateral ligament
PCL posterior cruciate ligament
C1-C7 cervical vertebrae
T1-T12 thoracic vertebrae
L1-L5 lumbar vertebrae
S1-S5 sacral vertebrae
DTR deep tendon reflex (what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer)
EMG electromyogram
FROM full range of motion
NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
OA osteoarthritis
ORIF open reduction internal fixation
PT physical therapy
RA rheumatoid arthritis
RICE rest, ice, compression, elevation
ROM range of motion
WB weight bearing
WBAT weight bearing as tolerated
ankylosing spondylitis a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae
antipyretic a drug that opposes fever
arthrodysplasia abnormal joint development
arthroclasia therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility
arthrodesis surgical fixation of a joint
chondroma tumorlike growth of cartilage
chrondro-osteodystrophy poor development of bones and cartilage
closed reduction returning bones to their proper position without use of surgery
costochondritis inflammation of the cartilage of the rib
craniosynostosis premature fusing of the skull bones
crepiation crackling sound heard in joints
effusion fluid buildup
exostosis abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
fasciodesis binding of fascia
graphospasm writer's cramp
hemarthrosis blood in joint
hydrarthrosis water in a joint
myoclonus violent muscle constraction
myodesis binding of muscle
myolysis loss of muscle
myoma muscle tumor
myorrhaphy muscle suture
myosarcoma cancerous muscle tumor
myotasis stretching of amuscle
open reduction returning bones to their proper positions through the use of surgery
orthotics a device that aids in straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body
osteocarcinoma bone cancer tumor
osteogenosis imperfecta a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly; also known as brittle bone disease
osteomyelitis inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
osteopenia reduction in bone volume
osteoporosis loss of bone density
osteosarcoma cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
prosthesis a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function
pyarthrosis pus in a joint
spinal stenosis abnormal narrowing of the spine
spondylolisthesis the slipping of dislocation of a vertebra
spondylolysis loss of vertebra structure
spondyloarthropathy joint disease of the vertebrae
spondylosyndesis fusing together of multiple vertebrae
subluxation partial dislocation fo ajoint
tardive dyskinesia condition characterized by the loss of muscle control
tarsoclasia surgical fracture of the ankle to treat clubfoot
tarsoptosis flat feet
tenodesis binding of a tendon
tenolysis freeing/loosening of a tendon
Created by: hkreider
 

 



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