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Cardio 1 Drugs 3

Generic	Brand	Indication	Class	MOA	Dose	Boxed Warning
amiodarone	Pacerone, Nexterone	Atrial fibrillation	Antiarrythmic Agent, Class III	primarily inhibits K+ channels, thus increasing action potential duration, leading to a prolonged effective refractory period in cardiac myocytes and reducing myocyte excitability	100 - 200 mg PO once daily	Life- threatening arrythmias (tablet), Pulmonary toxicity (tablet), Hepatotoxicity (tablet), Worsened arrhythmia (tablet)
apixaban	Eliquis	Atrial fibrillation (stroke prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment	Anticoagulant, Factor Xa inhibitor	inhibits Factor Xa, thus interrupting the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, thus preventing thrombin converting fibrinogen to fibrin,and ultimately preventing blood clot formation	A Fib: 5 mg PO BID VTE treatment: 10 mg PO BID for 7 days followed by 5 mg PO BID VTE prophyalxis: 2.5 mg PO BID	Spinal/Epidural hematomas; Premature discontinuation increases the risk of thrombotic events
aspirin	N/A	Antiplatelet	Antiplatelet agent, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) Salicylate	inhibits COX-1 in platelets, preventing thromboxane A2 formation, thus ultimately preventing platelet aggregation and clot formation	81 mg PO once daily	None
atorvastatin	Lipitor	Hypercholesterolemia	Antilipemic agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, thus inhibiting cholesterol synthesis	10 - 80 mg PO once daily	None
clopidogrel	Plavix	Acute coronary syndrome, Ischemic stroke	Antiplatelet, P2Y12 Inhibitor	inhibits the P2Y12 receptor, preventing ADP binding to it, ultimately inhibiting platelet aggregation	75 mg PO once daily	Diminished antiplatelet effect in patients with two loss-of-function alleles of the CYP2C19 gene
dabigatran	Pradaxa	Atrial fibrillation (stroke prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment	Anticoagulant, Direct thrombin inhibitor	inhibits thrombin, thus preventing conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and ultimately preventing blood clot formation	A Fib: 150 mg PO BID VTE treatment: 150 mg PO BID	Thrombotic events, Spinal/Epidural hematoma
digoxin	Lanoxin	Atrial fibrillation, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Antiarrhythmic agent, Cardiac Glycoside	inhibits myocardial Na+/K+ ATPase, thus raising Na+ levels, leading to Ca2+ influx into myocardial cells. Extra Ca2+ increases force of contraction.	0.0625 - 0.25 mg PO once daily	None
enoxaparin	Lovenox	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment	Anticoagulant, Low Molecular Weight Heparin	binds to and potentiates antithrombin III, thus forming a complex that inactivates Factor Xa, ultimately preventing thormbin, fibrin and clot formation. Inhibits thrombin to a lesser degree than heparin	VTE Prophylaxis: 40 mg subcutaneously once daily VTE Treatment: 1 mg/kg subcutaneously Q12H	Spinal/Epidural hematoma
ezetimibe	Zetia	Hypercholesterolemia	Antilipemic agent, Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor	inhibits intestinal NPC1L1, thus preventing intestinal cholesterol absorption, ultimately loweing hepatic cholesterol and leading to the liver clesaring more LDL from the blood	10 mg PO once daily	None
fenofibrate	Tricor	Hypertriglyceridemia	Antilipemic agent, Fibric Acid	activates PPAR-alpha receptors, leading to increases lipolysis and HDL, and a decrease in triglyceride synthesis and LDL	48 - 145 mg PO once daily	None
heparin	N/A	Atrial fibrillation (stroke prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment	Anticoagulant	binds to and potentiates antithrombin III, thus forming a complex that inactivates Factor Xa, ultimately preventing thormbin, fibrin and clot formation. Also inhibits thrombin	VTE Prophylaxis: 5000 units subcutaneously Q8-12H VTE Treatment: 80 units/kg bolus followed by a continuous infusion of 18 units/kg/hour	None
omega-3-acid ethyl esters	Lovaza	Hypertriglyceridemia	Antilipemic agent, Omega-3 Fatty Acids	lower circualting triglycerides by reducing hepatic VLDL synthesis & accelerating triglyceride clearance	4 g PO once daily	None
pravastatin	Pravachol	Hypercholesterolemia	Antilipemic agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, thus inhibiting cholesterol synthesis	40 - 80 mg PO once daily	None
rivaroxaban	Xarelto	Atrial fibrillation (stroke prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment	Anticoagulant, Factor Xa inhibitor	inhibits Factor Xa, thus interrupting the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, thus preventing thrombin converting fibrinogen to fibrin,and ultimately preventing blood clot formation	A Fib: 20 mg PO once daily VTE treatment: 15 mg PO BID for 21 days followed by 20 mg PO once daily VTE prophylaxis: 10 mg PO once daily	Spinal/Epidural hematomas; Premature discontinuation increases the risk of thrombotic events
rosuvastatin	Crestor	Hypercholesterolemia	Antilipemic agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, thus inhibiting cholesterol synthesisinhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, thus inhibiting cholesterol synthesis	5 - 40 mg PO once daily	None
simvastatin	Zocor	Hypercholesterolemia	Antilipemic agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, thus inhibiting cholesterol synthesis	10 - 40 mg PO once daily	None
ticagrelor	Brilinta	Acute coronary syndrome	Antiplatelet, P2Y12 Inhibitor	inhibits the P2Y12 receptor, preventing ADP binding to it, ultimately inhibiting platelet aggregation	90 mg PO BID	Bleeding Risk; Diminshed antiplatelet effect when given in combination with aspirin doses > 100 mg daily
warfarin	Coumadin	Atrial fibrillation (stroke prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) treatment	Anticoagulant, Vitamin K Antagonist	inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, thus depleting endogenous vitamin K, which is essential in the synthesis of of clotting factors	1-10 mg PO once daily - Individualized dosing	Bleeding Risk

Created by: mcasada

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