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STATS - Exam 1

STATS

TermDefinition
Categorical Value Divides the cases (units) into groups.
Quantitative Variable Measures a numerical quantity for each case.
Explanatory Variable A factor that explains, predicts, or causes changes in another variable.
Response Variable The outcome/ result that is measured, observed, or studies in an experiment to see hoe it changed when other factors are modified.
Population Includes all individuals or objects of interest.
Sample All the cases that data has been collected on.
Confounding Variable Offers a plausible explanation for an association between 2 variables of interest.
Observation Study A study in which the researcher does not actively control the value of any variable but simply observes the values as the naturally exist.
Experiment A study in which the researcher actively controls 1 or more of the explanatory variables.
p̂ Proportion for sample.
𝘱 Proportion for population
Sample Size (n) The number of cases in a sample.
x̄ Notation of sample mean.
μ Notation of population mean
Median Splits the data in half
Outlier An observed value that is notable distinct from the other values in a dataset.
Standard Deviation Gives a rough estimate of the typical distance of data from the mean.
s Notation for sample standard deviation.
σ Notation for sample population deviation.
Σ Sum
Z-Score A way to determine how unusual a single data value is that is independent of the units used.
Correlation Coefficient a measure of the strength and direction of linear association between 2 quantitative variables.
Positive Association Means that values of 1 variable tend to be higher when values of the other variable are higher.
Negative Association Means that values of 1 variable tend to be lower when values of the other variable are higher.
Linear Regression The process of fitting a line to a set of data.
Regression Line The line of best fit.
Created by: MaddieIcekamp
 

 



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