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Earths Surface
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| topography | The shape of the land determined by elevation, relief, and landforms |
| elevation | Height above sea level |
| relief | The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area. |
| landform | A feature of topography formed by the process that shape Earth's surface. |
| plain | A landform made up of flat or gently rolling land with low relief. |
| mountain | A landform with high elevation and high relief. |
| mountain range | A group of mountains that are closely related in shape, structure, area. and age. |
| plateau | A large landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface. |
| landform region | A large area of land where the topography is made up mainly of one type of landform |
| globe | A sphere that represents Earth's surface. |
| map | A flat model of all or part of Earth's surface as seen from above. |
| map projection | A framework of lines that helps to transfer points on Earths surface onto a flat map. |
| symbol | On a map, a picture used by mapmakers to stand for features on Earth's surface. |
| key | A list of the symbols used on a map and their meanings. |
| scale | Used to relate distance on a map or globe to distance on Earth's surface. |
| degree | A unit used to measure distances around a circle. One degree equales 1/360 of a full circle. |
| equator | An imaginary line circles Earth halfway between the North and South poles. |
| hemisphere | One half of the sphere that makes up Earth's surface. |
| prime meridian | The line that makes a half-circle form the North Pole to the South Pole and that passes through Greenwich, England. |
| latitude | The distance in degrees north or south of the equator |
| longitude | The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. |
| Surveying | The process of gathering data for a map by using instruments and the principle of geometry to determine distance and elevations. |
| digitizing | Converting information to numbers for use by a computer |
| pixel | One bit of a digitized image, often appearing as a small square or dot. |
| aerial photograph | A photograph taken by cameras mounted in airplanes. |
| satellite image | A picture of the land surface based on computer data collected from satellites. |
| Global positioning system | A navigation system that uses satellite signals to locate a radio receiver on Earth's surface. |
| Geographic information System | A system of computer hardware and software used to produce interactive maps. |
| topographic map | A map that shows the surface features of an area. |
| contour line | A line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation. |
| contour interval | The difference in elevation from one contour line to the next. |
| index contour | On a topographic map, a heavier contour line that is labeled with elevation of that contour line. |