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chapter 1 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| topography | the shape of the land determined by elevation relief and landform |
| elevation | height above sea level |
| relief | the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area. |
| landform | a feature of topography formed by the processes that shape Earth's surface. |
| plain | a landform made up of flat or gently rolling land with low relief. |
| mountain | a landform with high elevation and high relief. |
| mountain range | a group of mountains that are closely related in shape structure area and age |
| plateau | a large landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface |
| landform region | a large area of land where the topography is made up mainly of one type of landform. |
| globe | a sphere that represents Earth's entire surface. |
| map | a flat model of all or parts of Earth's surface as seen from above |
| map protection | a framework of lines that helps to transfer points on Earth's surface onto a flat map. |
| symbol | on a map a picture used by mapmakers to stand for features on earth surface |
| key | a list of symbols used on a map and their meanings. |
| scale | used to relate distance on a map or globe to distance on Earth's surface |
| degree | a unit used to measure distance around a circle. one degree equals 1/360 of a full circle |
| equator | an imaginary line that circles earth halfway between the north and south poles |
| hemisphere | one half of the sphere that makes up earths surface |
| prime meridian | the line that makes half circle from the north pole to the south pole and that passes through greenwich, england. |
| latitude | the distance in degree north or south of the equator |
| longitude | the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian |
| surveying | the process of gathering data for a map by using instruments and the principal poles of geometry to determine distance and elevations |
| digitizing | converting information to numbers for use by a computer |
| pixel | one bit of a digitalized image, often appearing as a small square or dot |
| aerial photograph | a photograph taken by cameras mounted in airplanes |
| satellite image | a picture of the land surface based on computer data colected from satellites. |
| global positioning system | a navigation system that uses satellites signals to locate a radio receiver on earth's surface |
| geographic information system | a system of computer hardware and software used to produce interactive maps |
| topographic map | a map that shows the surface features of an area |
| contour line | a line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation |
| contour interval | the difference in elevation from one contour line to the next |
| index contour | on a topographic map, a heavier contour line that labeled with elevation of that contour line |
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