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earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| topography | A map that shows the surface features of an area |
| elevation | Height above the sea |
| relief | The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area |
| landform | A feature of topography formed by the processes that shape Earth's surface |
| plain | A landform made up of flat or gently rolling land with low relief |
| mountain range | A group of mountains that are closely related in shape, structure, area, age |
| plateau | A large landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface |
| landform region | A large area of land where the topography is made-up mainly of one type of landform |
| globe | A sphere that represents Earth's entire surface |
| map | A flat model of all or part of Earth's surface as seen from above |
| map protection | A framework of lines that helps to transfer points on Earth's surface onto a flat map |
| symbol | On a map, a picture used by mapmakers to stand for features on Earth's surface. |
| key | A list of the symbols used on a map and their meanings |
| scale | Used to relate distance on a map or globe to distance on Earth's surface |
| degree | A unit used to measure distances around a circle. One degree equals 1/360 of a full circle |
| equater | An imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North and South poles |
| hemisphere | One half of the sphere that makes up Earth's surface |
| prime median | The line that makes a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole and that passes through Greenwich, England |
| latitude | The distance in degrees north or south of the equater |
| longtitude | The distance in degrees east or west of the prime median |
| mountain | A landform with high elevation and high relief |
| surveying | The process of gathering data for a map by using instruments and the principles of geometry to determine distance and elevations |
| digitizing | Converting information to numbers for use by a computer |
| pixel | One bit of digitized image, often appearing as a small square or dot |
| aerial photograph | A photograph taken by cameras mounted in airplanes |
| satellite image | A picture of the land surface based on computer data collected from satellites |
| Globe Positioning System | A navigational system that uses satellite signals to locate a radio receiver on Earth's history |
| Geographic Information System | A system of computer hardware and software used to produce interactive maps |
| topographic map | A map that shows the surface features of an area |
| contour line | A line on a topography map that connects points of equal elevation |
| contour interval | The difference in elevation from one contour line to the next |
| index contour | On a topography map, a heavier contour line that is labeled with elevation of that contour line |
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