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BIOL116 organs
UCNZ human biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organs | Contains two or more tissue types joined together (each performs specific function) |
| Organ systems | Groups of organs that perform a common function |
| Examples of the digestive system | Mouth, throat, stomach, intestines, liver |
| Examples of the lymphatic system | Lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen |
| Body cavities | Compartments that protect organs |
| Where is the anterior cavity? | Torso |
| Where is the posterior cavity? | Head/spin |
| Anterior cavity | Thoracic cavity, pleural cavities (lungs), pericardial cavity and abdominal cavity |
| Posterior cavity | Cranial cavity and spinal cavity |
| Serous membranes | Lines and lubricates internal body cavities, reduce friction between organs (in peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavity) |
| Mucous membranes | Lines airways, digestive tract, reproductive tract (captures debris) |
| Synovial membranes | Lines spaces and produces fluid in movable joints |
| Cutaneous membrane | Skin |
| What does skin do? | Protects from dehydration, injury, defense against microorganism, regulates body temp, provides sensation |
| Epidermis | Outer layer of skin. Made of stratified squamous epithelial cells with no blood cells |
| The two major cell types of epidermis | Keratinocytes (waterproof protein of keratin) and Melanocytes (provides dark pigment) |
| Dermis | Under the epidermis. Supports the tissues |
| Fibers and cells of dermis | Fibers: Collagen and elastic. Cells: Fibroblasts, mast cells, white blood cells and fat cells |
| Accessory structures of dermis | Hair, smooth muscle, sebaceous oil glands, sweat glands, blood vessels, Sensory nerve endings |
| Homeostasis | Negative feedback control system that regulates the body temperature of the body |
| Negative feedback loop steps | Controled variable (body temp), sensor/receptor (temp sensors in skin/internal organs), control center (hypothalamus), effectors (blood vessels, sweat glands, skeletal muscles) |