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Chem 6/7
VSEPR/Shapes/other
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Speed of light equation | speed of light = wavelength (m) * frequency (x/s or Hz) |
| Energy equation | energy = planck's constant * frequency |
| Coulomb's Law | opposites attract, greater force means a higher charge |
| All 4 quantum numbers | n, L (lowercase), ml (m), ms (s) |
| n quantum number | Principle Quantum Number (Shell) |
| L (lowercase) quantum number | Sublevel (subshell) s=0. p=1, d=2, f=3 |
| ml (m) quantum number | Orbitals s=0, p=-1,0,1, d= -2,-1,0,1,2, f= -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3 |
| ms (s) quantum number | Spin up = +1/2, down = -1/2 |
| Paramagnetism | has unpaired electrons |
| Diamagnetism | only paired electrons |
| Isoelectric | same electron configs |
| Zeff | Effective Nuclear charge effect of electron repulsions |
| Atomic radius | probability of size expressed in nanometer |
| Ion radius | electron loss: decreased size electron gain: increased size |
| Ionization energy | energy required to remove electrons lower IE further from nucleus higher IE of electrons if higher nuclear charge |
| Electronegativity | ability to attract an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
| Internuclear distance | distance between atoms |
| Why hybridization | So bonds can have one positive and one negative spinning electron (every covalent bond is hybridized) |
| Isomers | Different molecules |
| Resonance | Same molecule expressed differently |
| Isotope | Different number of neutrons |
| Sigma | Single bond, (count all bonds including double and triple but only count each as 1) |
| Pi | Every bond extra to sigma bonds (count either 1 or 2 bonds in double and triple bonds |
| What does VSEPR stand for | Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory |
| VSEPR | atoms orientate as far apart as possible lone pairs are further apart than bonded pairs |
| Polarity (dipoles) | Unequal sharing of electrons |
| Guaranteed polar molecules | Bent, Distorted tetrahedron, Triangular Pyramids, T shaped, Square Pyramids |
| Polar | has dipole moment |
| Nonpolar | no dipole moment |
| XY2 | Linear (180) |
| XY3 | Trigonal Planar (120) |
| XY4 | Tetrahedron (109.5) |
| XY5 | Trigonal Bipyramidal (120 in mid 90 on top and bottom) |
| XY6 | Octahedron (90) |
| XY2E | Bent (120) |
| XY3E | Trigonal Pyamidal (107) |
| XY4E | Distorted Tetrahedron See-Saw |
| XY5E | Square Pyramid |
| XY2E2 | Bent (105) |
| XY3E2 | T Shaped |
| XY4E2 | Square Planar |
| XY2E3 | Linear (180) |
Created by:
Hola0205