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Yr 8 Civics 2026
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the main courts in Victoria, and what are their roles in the legal system? | The main courts are the Magistrates Court, County Court, Supreme Court and High Court. They hear different types of cases depending on their level in the court hierarchy. |
| Why is access to justice important for all Australian citizens? | Access to justice is a right for all Australian citizens, regardless of their background or circumstances. |
| What role do courts play in interpreting laws and resolving disputes? | Courts interpret laws and resolve disputes. When someone is charged with a crime, their case goes to court, where the court determines whether the accused is guilty or not. |
| What is the court hierarchy? | The court hierarchy is the ranking of courts from lower courts to higher courts, with the High Court at the top. |
| What types of cases does the Magistrates Court hear? | The Magistrates Court hears most cases in Victoria. It deals with minor cases such as drink driving, shoplifting and disputes involving small amounts of money. |
| What types of cases does the County Court hear? | The County Court hears disputes involving larger amounts of money and more serious crimes such as armed robbery, drug trafficking and serious assaults. |
| What types of cases does the Supreme Court hear? | The Supreme Court hears serious cases such as murder and disputes involving large amounts of money. It is the highest court in each Australian state. |
| What is the High Court, and what types of cases does it hear? | The High Court is the highest court in Australia. It is a federal court that hears important appeals and complex legal issues. |
| What does activism mean? | Means the use of direct and noticeable action to receive the right, right result, usually a political or social one |
| What is the most effective way to change the law? | A group runs a coordinated social media campaign that is reported on the news |
| How can citizens apply pressure? | Contacting elected representatives, direct action such as protest, and activism and media |
| What makes effectiveness increase when contacting representees? | Large members of people contact the MP. The issue is visible and receives the media attention |
| How is pressure created when using direct action? | Makes people concerned that are highly visible and signals that many people care about the issue. |
| What is the Australian constitution? | The Australian constitution is a set of rules that explains how Australia is required to run. It was created in 1901. |
| Why does Australia have a constitution? | The constitution exists to organise the Australian government, to divide powers between governments and prevent one person or group from having too much power. |
| What is the Australian federation? | A federation is a country made up of states that agree to work together under one national government. |
| What does the rule of law mean? | The rule of law means everyone must obey the law, including those who make the law. |
| What are the three branches of the separation of powers? | Legislative, Executive and Judicial. |
| What is criminal law | Criminal law protects innocent individuals from wrongdoers. It outlines the way people should act, what they can and cannot do |
| What are the two main types of laws in Aus | criminal law and civil law |
| What is burden of proof | the prosecution has the burden of proof. This means that the prosecution must prove that the accused is guilty of the crime. |
| What is presumption of innocence | it means it is not up to the accused person to prove their innocence and it means innocent until proven guilty. |
| What are the two types of offences | Indictable offences and summary offences |
| What are indictable offences? | Serious crimes, such as homicide, child abuse and rape, are called indictable offences |
| What are summary offences? | Less serious crimes, such as minor assaults, petty theft and traffic infringements, are called summary offences. |
| Where was the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory based? | 29 Washington Place, New York. |
| How many workers died in the fire? | 147 workers. |
| Who owned the factory? | Max Blanck and Isaac Harris. |
| What was the jury's role? | To look at the evidence and then decide if the factory owners were guilty or not guilty. |
| What are interest groups | a group of people that seeks to influence public policy on the basis of a particular common interest or concern. |
| what are Lobby groups | Organized groups trying to influence lawmakers Most are legal, and try to influence how lawmaker's vote. |
| what is a parliamentary committee | a small group of members of parliament who consider and report on a single subject in one or both houses. Committee members can come from any party |
| What do organised groups influence laws differently from ordinary people | Some groups represent the public, some have direct access to politicians, and others are responsible for making decisions. |
| What do interest groups do | •Share opinions and concerns about laws •Make submissions to government inquiries •Raise awareness of issues |
Created by:
minz