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HTN COMBO HY

QuestionAnswer
Lotrel amlodipine + benazepril = CCB + ACE inhibitor
Tarka verapamil + trandolapril — = CCB + ACE inhibitor
Prestalia amlodipine + perindopril — = CCB + ACE inhibitor
Exforge amlodipine + valsartan — CCB + ARB
Twynsta amlodipine + telmisartan — CCB + ARB
Azor amlodipine + olmesartan — CCB + ARB
Tribenzor amlodipine + olmesartan + HCTZ — CCB + ARB + thiazide
Caduet amlodipine + atorvastatin — CCB + statin
Consensi amlodipine + celecoxib — CCB + NSAID
Lotensin HCT benazepril + HCTZ — ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Capozide captopril + HCTZ — ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Vaseretic enalapril + HCTZ — ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Prinzide / Zestoretic lisinopril + HCTZ ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Uniretic moexipril + HCTZ — ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Accuretic quinapril + HCTZ — ACE inhibitor + thiazide
Avalide irbesartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Hyzaar losartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Atacand candesartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Teveten HCT eprosartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Benicar HCT olmesartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Micardis HCT telmisartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Diovan HCT valsartan + HCTZ — ARB + thiazide
Edarbyclor azilsartan + chlorthalidone — ARB + thiazide-like diuretic
Tenoretic atenolol + chlorthalidone — beta-blocker + thiazide-like diuretic
Ziac bisoprolol + HCTZ — beta-blocker + thiazide
Corzide nadolol + bendroflumethiazide — beta-blocker + thiazide
Inderide propranolol + HCTZ = beta-blocker + thiazide
Lopressor HCT metoprolol tartrate + HCTZ = beta-blocker + thiazide
Aldactazide spironolactone + HCTZ = K⁺-sparing diuretic + thiazide
Dyazide / Maxzide triamterene + HCTZ K⁺-sparing diuretic + thiazide
HTN threshold / first-line ≥130/80 lifestyle T-A-A-C: Thiazide, ACEI, ARB, CCB
Thiazide → Volume effect? ↓ volume
ACEI → How Ang II, bradykinin, major SE ? ↓ Ang II + ↑ bradykinin → cough, angioedema, ↑K
ARB → How AT₁ + bradykinin? Blocks AT₁; no bradykinin → no cough
CCB: How work DHP vs non-DHP? DHP → vessels; Non-DHP → heart
Black patient → What preferred initial HTN drugs? Thiazide / CCB
CKD + albuminuria → What preferred HTN drugs? ACEI / ARB
CAD / post-MI → What preferred HTN drugs? β-blocker + ACEI/ARB
HFrEF → What evidence-based β-blockers? Carvedilol Metoprolol succinate Bisoprolol + RAAS therapy
Pregnancy → preferred HTN drugs? Labetalol / Nifedipine ER
Thiazide → Ca²⁺? ↑ Ca²⁺
Loop diuretic → Ca²⁺? ↓ Ca²⁺
K⁺-sparing diuretic → K⁺? ↑ K⁺
β₁-selective β-blockers mnemonic AMEBBBA = Atenolol, Metoprolol, Esmolol, Betaxolol, Bisoprolol, Bevantolol, Acebutolol
3 β-blockers proven in HFrEF Carvedilol + Metoprolol succinate + Bisoprolol
“-dipine” CCBs → where do they work? Vessels (DHP CCBs)
Verapamil / Diltiazem → main effect Heart → ↓ HR → risk AV block
HTN urgency >180/120 + NO acute target-organ damage → PO therapy, gradual reduction
HTN emergency Severe HTN + acute target-organ damage → IV therapy → lower BP carefully (~15–25% initially)
Aortic dissection HTN emergency Esmolol
MI HTN emergency Nitroglycerin
Pregnancy HTN emergency Hydralazine Labetalol
Catecholamine excess HTN emergency Phentolamine
Renal HTN emergency Fenoldopam
Nitroprusside → administration + major toxicity D5W Protect from light + cyanide toxicity
Created by: Hoacucvang
 

 



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