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Early Humans
Neolithic Humans
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Question: What is a river valley? | Answer: A river valley is an area that early humans settled in because of the resources and tasks that the river enabled people to use/do. |
| Questions: What are the four river valley civilizations? | Answer: The four river valley civilizations are Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River, and the Huang He River. |
| Question: How did early hunter-gatherers get their food? | Answer: By hunting wild animals and gathering wild plants. |
| Question: Why did hunter-gatherers move from place to place? | Answer: To follow animal herds and find fresh plants |
| Question: What is a permanent settlement? | Answer: A home where people live and stay in one place year-round. |
| Question: What major change allowed people to build permanent settlements? | Answer: Learning to farm and grow their own food. |
| Question: What were the smallest permanent settlements called? | Answer: Farming villages |
| Question: What happened to village sizes as farming produced more food? | Answer: Villages grew into larger towns and cities. |
| Question: Why was living in a permanent settlement safer than moving around? | Answer: People built sturdy houses and stored extra food. |
| Question: What is a food surplus? | Answer: Having extra food left over after everyone eats |
| Question: Why was a food surplus important for settlements? | Answer: It allowed populations to grow and let people do other jobs besides farming. |
| Question: Where did the world's first big settlements begin? | Answer: In fertile river valleys |
| Question: Why was soil near river valleys good for farming? | Answer: River floods left behind rich, fertile soil |
| Question: What did rivers provide to early settlers besides rich soil? | Answer: Fresh water for drinking, cooking, and watering crops |
| Question: Which major river valley was located in ancient Egypt? | Answer: The Nile River Valley |
| Question: Which two rivers bordered the land of Mesopotamia? | Answer: The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| Question: Which major river valley was located in ancient India? | Answer: The Indus River valley |
| Question: Which major river valley was located in ancient China? | Answer: The Huang He River Valley |
| Question: How did rivers help early people move goods to other places? | Answer: People used boats to travel and trade along the water. |
| Question: What natural features helped protect river valleys from enemies? | Answer: Mountains, deserts, and oceans |
| Question: What is irrigation? | Answer: A way to bring water from rivers to farm fields |
| Question: Why did early farmers dig canals near rivers? | Answer: To control floods and move river water to dry crops |
| Question: What is job specialization? | Answer: When people train to do different kinds of work |
| Question: Name two non-farming jobs created in early settlements. | Answer: Potters, weavers, blacksmiths, or builders |
| Question: Why didn't every person have to farm in permanent settlements? | Answer: Extra food meant fewer farmers were needed to feed the city. |
| Question: How did gender roles change when farming began? | Answer: Men usually worked out in the fields, while women worked near the home. |
| Question: What tools did early artisans make to store extra grain? | Answer: Clay pots and woven baskets |
| Question: What materials were used to build homes in early settlements? | Answer: Mud bricks, wood, and stone |
| Question: Why were stone walls built around early cities? | Answer: To protect people from enemies and wild animals |
| Question: Who became the leaders of early settled communities? | Answer: Kings and religious leaders |
| Question: What was the Neolithic Revolution? | Answer: The time when humans switched from hunting to farming |
| Question: What does domestication mean? | Answer: taming animals and growing plants for human use |
| Question: Name two of the first domesticated farm animals. | Answer: Sheep and goats |
| Question: Name two of the first crops grown by early farmers. | Answer: Wheat and barley |
| Question: How did domesticated animals help early farmers? | Answer: They gave meat, milk, wool, and pulled heavy farm tools. |
| Question: What tool helped farmers turn over thick soil faster? | Answer: The plow |
| Question: What transportation invention made moving heavy goods much easier? | Answer: The wheel |
| Question: Why did early farmers invent calendars? | Answer: To keep track of seasons and know when to plant crops |
| Question: Where did early people store their grain for the winter? | Answer: In clay jars, underground pits, and granaries |
| Question: How did farming change the world's population? | Answer: It made the population grow rapidly. |
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