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Psych Section 1
Classroom Implications & In-class notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are three classroom implications of brain development? | Provide optimal experiences for your students because experience alters the brain Keep the brain well nourished Reduce stress at school by creating nurturing and predictable environments |
| What are another three classroom implications of brain development? | Give children repetitive practice of important skills to strengthen synaptic connections Capitalize on teens’ hyperresponse to rewards by emphasizing the rewards of learning and appropriate behavior Advocate for high-quality early childhood education |
| What is school readiness? | skills that prepare children for formal instruction being able to follow directions; having self-control; and knowing the alphabet, basic numbers, and color |
| What is academic redshirting? | Holding a child out of kindergarten for a year due to age |
| What is the main idea about Headstart and Prekindergarten/Early Childhood Education (ECE)? | the research suggests that Head Start and ECE programs have small, short-term benefits. Once intervention children enter school, their gains often, but not always, fade |
| According to Dr. Jeffery Arnett, what is the life stage between adolescence and adulthood? | Emerging adulthood (19-29) |
| According to Bronfenbrenner, which system exerts the most potent influence? | Microsystem |
| What is epigenetics? How is epigenetics related to human development? | Epigenetics: genes + environment Environmental experiences can unlock or lock different genes, which affects development |
| According to the Census data presented in class, about what percent of children under the age of 18 in South Dakota live in poverty? | 14.6% |
| Learners who lack cultural capital, who experience cultural mismatch at school, and who are the targets of deficit thinking may need support. You can... | Become aware of your learners’ cultural capital and how it affects their achievement and Be careful as you think about cultural capital because it can lead to a deficit view that highlights what children lack |
| What are two other classroom implications for culture? | Become knowledgeable about and accept the language and dialect of your learners but teach standard English and Become aware of your learners’ narrative style. Don't assume different styles don't “make sense,” but teach school narrative style |
| What is another classroom implication for culture? | Build bridges between home and school. Be able to talk about current events in immigrants’ home countries because their relatives will likely be experiencing the events (elections, natural disasters, armed conflicts, etc.) |
| What are three ways you help nutrition? | prevent the school climate from becoming stressful to children; promote good nutrition and physical activity. |
| How can you help the nutrition of schools? 2 ways | Encourage your students to eat breakfast on all day; Advocate for better nutrition in the breakfasts and lunches served to your students |
| How else can you help the nutrition of schools? 3 ways | advocate for healthier options to be sold; If needed, allow children to bring a healthy snack-have healthy treats @ class parties; Be a good nutrition role model & directly teach principles of good nutrition in class. |
| What are two reasons that PE & recess have been reduced in schools? | Need for more time on academics (which is false, physical play & recess enhance learning); budget crunches |
| How can you get children active in preschools? | give children balls and plenty of space for vigorous physical activity |
| How can you get children active in elementary/secondary schools? | advocate for daily physical education; Offer PE classes that emphasize enjoyable activities that are done throughout life, not just competitive sports; make sure during PE classes each child is active for most of the class period |
| What are three other ways to get children active? | Discourage withholding of physical activity as a punishment; Provide diverse extracurricular activities appropriate for different abilities that involve physical activity; Build physical activity into classroom lessons when appropriate |
| What can your school do to get children active? | model health improvement programs that can be found on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website; in-school nutrition with increased physical activity and classroom lessons on healthy lifestyles |
| What does H-P-A stand for? What does each do? | Hypothalamus-pituitary-Adrenals hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis H = stress P=makes/tells other areas to make hormones A=release cortisol |
| What are the health effects associated with H-P-A (stress)? | High adrenaline, high heart rate, toxic stress = permanent high alert (prolonged stress - constant fight or flight), less neural connections |
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