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Water Quality Testin
As a home inspector you should know the following about Water Quality Testing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who is responsible for monitoring the water quality of private wells? | The well owner is entirely responsible, as private well water supplies are not monitored by government or municipal agencies |
| Why is water quality testing required during a home purchase? | It is required by many banks and mortgage lending institutions, including FHA, VA, and HUD mortgages |
| How often should private water supplies be tested for nitrate and bacteria? | Private water supplies should be tested for nitrate and bacterial contamination annually |
| When is the best time of year to test for coliform bacteria? | In the spring during wet weather, when runoff is most likely to carry contaminants into the groundwater |
| Why is testing for bacteria in dry or frozen weather less reliable? | Bacteria are likely to be at lower, harder-to-detect concentrations under these conditions |
| Name 2 health-related events that trigger an immediate water test | 1) people suffer from a suspected waterborne illness 2) pregnant woman or infant under 6 months becomes sick |
| Name 2 physical well events that trigger a water test | 1) flood or large storm affecting the wellhead 2) Anytime maintenance work is performed on the well |
| What physical changes in tap water signal a need for testing? | Any noticeable change in water taste, color, or smell |
| What is the most basic test for bacterial contamination? | The test for total coliform bacteria, which indicates the general sanitary condition of the water supply |
| Where are total coliform bacteria naturally found? | In the soil, in water influenced by surface water, and in human or animal waste |
| Where are fecal coliform bacteria specifically found? | They are present specifically in the gut and feces of warm-blooded animals |
| Which specific bacterium is the best indicator of fecal pollution? | E. coli, because it is generally not found growing or reproducing freely in the environment |
| What are the 3 categories used to define water quality? | 1) Biological content (bacteria/viruses) 2) Chemical content (metals/nutrients) 3) Physical content (turbidity/color/odor) |
| What can happen if water pH is less than 6.5 or greater than 8.0? | It may cause pipes to corrode and release toxic metals like copper, lead, and zinc into the water |
| What are the symptoms of a high concentration of iron in water? | A metallic taste, stained clothing and fixtures, and the growth of iron bacteria |
| What health hazard is caused by excessive nitrate in drinking water? | It can cause methemoglobinemia, also known as blue baby syndrome, in infants and ruminant animals |
| Where do nitrites in groundwater typically originate from? | Runoff from fertilizer use, leaching from septic tanks, sewage, and erosion of natural deposits |
| What is water hardness, and how does it affect soap? | It is water's ability to produce soapsuds. Hard water requires more soap and leaves a white film on plumbing |
| What health issues have been linked to water that is too hard? | Calcification of the brain and the development of kidney stones. |
| Where does lead contamination in drinking water usually come from? | Not the water supply itself, but the household distribution piping, fixtures, and solder used at pipe fittings |
| Where do you send your collected samples of water? | Local Water Testing Treatment facility |