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cells of nerv sys

QuestionAnswer
cns definition includes the brain and spinal cord (all the thinking happens here). inside bone.
cns function interpret sensory input, movement, mediate complex cognitive processes
pns definition sensory input IN, carry motor signals OUT. outside of skull and spine
neuron functions similar with other cells -contains nucleus with DNA, ribosomes translate codes, golgi body acts as "post office", microtubules in dendrites is where proteins go down
neuron functions different with other cells stop dividing after birth, dendrites and axon receive and transmit info
cell membrane features -lipid bilayer with embedded proteins, separates outside from inside, and selective permeability
signal protein "knocking on the door" something is out there
channel protein lets things in/out through a channel
why are neurons hard to visualize? they all look the same color and have lots of dendrites and axons (spaghetti & meatballs analogy)
cell body (soma) big part of cell, contains nucleus (DNA)
dendrites receive information, stick out from the cell body
axon comes out of cell, information flows down it (singular)
myelin sheath covers/protects the axon (doesn't fully cover the axon so information can travel)
axon terminal little branches at the end of axon. release chemicals into synapses
synapse gap between axon terminal and next cell to release chemicals
golgi stain neurons are stained black so they can be visualized under a microscope (stains 10% of the cell). can see cell body, dendrites, and axon
nissl stain for counting the number of neurons in the area. selectively stains cell bodies
where are cell bodies & dendrites found in the brain right on the edge; same with dendrites b/c they're short. organized in clusters
what are tracing techniques used to trace? the paths of axons
anterograde trace axons projecting AWAY from cell body (where am I going?)
retrograde trace axons projecting INTO an area of cell bodies (where did I come from?)
electron microscopy high resolution image to show synapses between cells
Created by: madalynes
 

 



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