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EIEN02E - P2 & P3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pie Charts | a categorical data set can also be summarized using ___ chart. It is used to represent the whole data set with "slices" of the pie representing the possible categories |
| Pie Charts | are most effective for summarizing data sets when there are not too many different categories |
| Percentage and Frequency Distribution | is a display of data that specifies the percentage of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points |
| Percentage and Frequency Distribution | is a particularly useful method of expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data |
| Pareto Chart/Diagram | universal law that 80% of anything is attributed to 20% of its causes. |
| V. Pareto | discovered this universal law that 80% of anything is attributed to 20% of its causes. |
| Computer Literacy | it is defined as the knowledge and ability to use computers and related technology efficiently, with a range of skills covering levels from elemetary use to programming and advanced problem solving |
| Computer definition | it is an electronic device that can accept input data, process data, store data, and produce output according to set of instructions/program |
| Counting aids | the history of computers starts out about 2000 years ago in Babylonia, at the birth of abacus, a simple calculator, a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires |
| (1) 2000 years ago, (2) Babylonia (Mesopotamia), (3) abacus | the history of computers starts out about (1) _____ in (2) ____, at the birth of (3) _____, a simple calculator, a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires |
| Blaise Pascal | In 1642, a french scientist and philosopher ___ invented the first practical mechanical calculator, the Pascaline to help his tax-collecter father to do his sums |
| Pascaline | first practical mechanical calculator that was developed by a french scientist to help his tax-collector father to do his sums |
| Charles Babbage | considered to be the father of modern digital computers |
| Difference Engine | Charles Babbage designed ____ in 1822 |
| Charles Babbage | he designed a fully automatic analytical engine in 1842 for performing basic arithmetic functions |
| Charles Babbage | his efforts established a number of principles that are fundamental to the design of any digital computer |
| 8080 | By 1974, Intel had launched a popular microprocessor known as the __ and computer hobbyists were soon building home computers around it |
| MTS Altair 8800 | The first home computer built around 8080 microprocessor |
| Ed Roberts | the one who built the MTS Altair 8800, the first home computer built around 8080 microprocessor |
| Speed | the ___ of a computer in processing information is increasing from time to time and computers can calculate at very high speed |
| Accuracy | the ___ of a computer system is very high provided that the data and the program given to it are accurate |
| Error in computer data processing | _____ is mostly human factor. the program may be wrongly coded or the data may be wrongly entered |
| Storage | computers can store large amount of data using their memory unit |
| Versatility | computers can be programmed and applied for different purposes. people can use computers for different applications |
| Diligence | the computer does the same thing repeatedly without saying "I am tired or I am bored" |
| (1) Operational principle, (2) Processing, Power, Cost, & Size | Computers can be categorized under these two criterias |
| Analog computers | are used to process analog data |
| Analog data | is continuous nature and which is not discrete or separate such as temperature, pressure, speed weight, voltage, depth, etc.. |
| Analog computers | utilize mechanical or electrical energy to operate |
| Analog computers | are the first computers being developed and provided the basis for the development of the modern digital computers |
| Digital computers | are either special purpose computers or general purpose ones |
| Digital computers | they use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states, namely bit 0 and 1 |
| Digital computers | they are analogous to states ON and OFF |
| Digital computers | data on these computers is represented as a series of 0s and 1s |
| Digital computers | are suitable for complex computation and have higher processing speeds |
| Digital computers | they are programmable |
| Hybrid computers | these computers are a combination of both digital and analog computers |
| Hybrid computers | in this type of computers, the digital segments perform process control by conversion of analog signals to digital ones |
| Hybrid computers | for example are used for scientific calculations, in defense and radar systems |
| Computer hardware | a generic name for the various devices that make up a computer system |
| Computer software | set of instructions that direct the computer hardware to perform a particular task |
| Hardware | any visible part of a computer which can be seen and touched is known as hardware |
| Hardware | ___ components are involved in the data processing cycle as an input, output, or as both |
| Hardware | moreover others are involved in the processing cycle such as CPU, RAM, ROM. |
| Input unit | feeds data & instruction to the computer system |
| Output unit | displays/prints the results of the processing |
| CPU | is the brain of the computer that carries out the processing of the data as per the instructions |
| Memory | stores data and programs within and/or outside the computer system |
| Power supply | used to convert AC into DC and provide appropriate for each of internal components of a PC |
| Scanners | are peripheral input devices which allow users to import text, graphics, and images |
| Scanners | specialized software aids in translating information into a format the computer can understand and manipulate |
| Digital cameras | are peripheral input devices that allow users to create pictures and/or movies in a digital format |
| Output devices | is used to display processed information to the user either in softcopy or hardcopy |
| Soft copy | output displayed on a computer screen. it is the primary output medium |
| Hard copy | output produced on paper or micro film |
| Monitors | are the most commonly used output device |
| Bitmap display | allows user to resize the display |
| pixels | Bitmap display divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square "dots" called ____ |
| CPU or central processing unit | is often described as the brain of a computer |
| CPU | is an integrated circuit or "chip" which processes instructions and data. It is the place where data processing takes place |
| Computer memory | refers to devices that are used to store data or programs on temporary or permanent basis |
| (1) Hard disk, (2) Random Access Memory or RAM | you can store data on your (1) ____, that used to store data permanently, while data which is being processed is store in (2) _____ |
| Bit | 1 or 0 level of storage |
| Byte | consists of eight bits |
| Kilobyte | consists of 1024 bytes |
| Megabyte | consists of 1024 kilobytes, approximately 1,000,000 bytes |
| Gigabyte | consists of 1024 megabytes, approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes |
| Terabyte | consists of approximately 1,000,000,000,000 bytes |
| RAM | stores small programs permanently |
| RAM | "waiting room" for computer's CPU |
| RAM | working place of computer used to store data temporarily |
| RAM | holds instructions for processing data, processed data, and raw data |
| RAM | the amount of RAM in a PC has a direct impact on the system's speed |
| RAM | all software applications will have __ specifications listed on their packaging |
| Read-only memory (ROM) | as the name suggests is a special type of memory chip which holds software which can be read but not written to |
| ROM | often network cards and video cards also contain ___ chips |
| ROM | a good exaple is the ____-BIOS chip, which contains read-only software |
| ROM | are non-volative, permanent stores programs, and allows read only |
| Computer software | consists of a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do, when to do, and how to do it |
| Computer software | instructions and associated data, stored in electronic format, that direct the computer to accomplish a task |
| Computer software | also called a program |
| Computer software | computer programmers write the codes/instructions that make-up software applications/programs |
| System software | software that can control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices |
| Operating system software | is the master controller within a computer |
| Operating system software | coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices |
| Utilities and drivers | utility programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs |
| Utilities and drivers | provide file management capabilities such as copying, moving, or renaming a file |
| Programming Languages | basic building blocks of any software |
| Programming Languages | allow a programmer to write instructions that a computer can understand |
| Programming Languages | have some resemblance to the English language (Visual basic, Pascal, Fortran, C++, Java 87) |
Created by:
romulols