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Dis. Of Prehistoric
History Semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prehistory | The time period before people had a written language |
| Paleontologists | Studies fossils |
| Archaeologist | Interpreting object (artifact) |
| Hominids | A human like creatures |
| "Lucy" | Was found in Ethiopia. Australopithecus hominids. |
| Iceman (Otzi) | Found in the Alps. Leather, Blue tattoos, (72 items found on him/near him) |
| HomoHabilis | People with abilities (manufacture tools) |
| HomoErectus | Person who walks upright |
| HomoSapiens | Person who thinks (Neanderthals) |
| HomoSapienSapiens | Similar to modern day humans. Cro Magnons-Intermarried with Neanderthals |
| Artisans | Worked skilled in a craft |
| Surplus of Food | More free time to work on other things (Without a surplus of food life would cease to exist) (VERY IMPORTANT) (Ex- Nepal) |
| Cultural Diffusion | Sharing of Goods & Items |
| Civilizations (What you need) | Food, Water, & People |
| 4 Main River Valleys | Nile, Tigris & Euphrates, Huang He, Indus |
| Nile (Culture/People) | Egyptians |
| Tigris & Euphrates (Culture/People) | Mesopotainia |
| Huang He (Culture/People) | China |
| Indus (Culture/People) | India |
| Barter | Trade |
| Trade | 1st within community then Barter |
| Merchant | Sells things to other people in different cultures (Different Places) |
| Land ownership is... | Vital |
| Mesopotania | The land between two rivers (Fertile Crescent) |
| Sumerians(Sumer) | They developed irrigation |
| Sumerians Sumer kingdom | Birth place of the worlds first cities (Ur,Uruk,Eridu) |
| Sumerians Sumer kingdom Cites | Ur, Uruk, Edidu (Citie states) |
| Ziggurats | Temple dedicated to the deity (God) |
| Deity | God |
| Each city state had its own.. | Ziggurats for its own god |
| Inventions of the Sumerians | Cuneiform , Wagon wheel, Potters wheel, Arch, Sunials, Number Systems (based on 60), 12 month calendar, Ist to make bronze (copper & tin) |
| Cuneiforms | Scribes (writer) Most important position |
| Hammurabi (Hammer) | Made justice appear in the land, Ruled over all of Babylon |
| Hammurabi's Code | 282 Law codes was based on the saying "Eye for an Eye" |
| Ancient Egypt | The gift of the Nile |
| Three kingdoms of Egypt | Old, Middle, & New kingdoms |
| Old Kingdom | Age of the Pyramids (Pyramids of Giza & the Sphinx) |
| Theocracy | When religious leaders are also political Leaders |
| Old Kingdom Lasted | 1000 years |
| Middle Kingdom | Upheaval & Voilence |
| New Kingdom | Age of Empires |
| New Kingdom Empires | Queen Hatchepsut (22 years on the thrown), King Tut, Ramses ll (52 sons, 90 kids in total), Cleopatra (roman rule) |
| Egypt Imvented | Writing system (Hieroglyphics), Math & engineering (pyramids), Calendar, Mummifications (Preservation of the dead (Embalming) |
| City State | The city is the state-Ur, Uruk, & Edridu |
| Pictograms | Writing system |
| Pyramids | Located in Giza |
| The great Pyramid | 2.3 million blocks (30 tons each) Theories-Internal ramp |
| Hittites (hit eyes) | First to developed the chariot and use iron weapons |
| Assyrians (serous) | Used terror and fear |
| Persians (kings) | Cyrus-Used kindness Parus-Built the royal road and built the immortal army |
| Iydians | First to use coin money |
| Phoenicians (Phonicis) | The great sea traders, Also created a alphabet-22 letters and No vowels |
| Dealer in purple | Purple dye (rare) |