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New vocab words, 9/4
words that describe vocab.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atom | the basic unit of matter |
| nucleus | the center of an atom which contains the protons and neutrons. |
| electron | negatively charged particle located in the space surround the nucleus. |
| isotope | one of several forms of a single element which contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
| compound | substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions |
| ionic bond | chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
| covalent bond | type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared |
| molecule | smallest unit of compounds that displays all the properties of that compound |
| van der Waals forces | slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules |
| hydrogen bond | weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom |
| cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| adhesion | force of attraction between different kinds of molecules |
| mixture | material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physical mixed together but chemically combined |
| solution | type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | dissolving substance in a solution |
| suspension | mixture of water and non-dissolved material |
| pH scale | scale with values from 0 to 14 used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution a pH scale of 0 to 7 is acidic |
| acid | compound that forms hydrogen ions |
| base | compound that produces hydrogen ions |
| buffer | compound that prevents sharp sudden changes in pH |
| monomer | small chemical unit that makes up a polymer |
| polymer | molecules composed of many monomers makes up macromolecules |
| carbohydrate | compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body |
| monosaccharide | simple sugar molecule |
| lipid | macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms includes fats, oils and waxes |
| nucleic acid | macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and phosphorus. |
| nucleotide | subunit of which nucleic acids are composed made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and nitrogenous base |
| protein | macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen needed by the body for growth and repair |
| amino acid | compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end |
| chemical reaction | process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals |
| reactant | elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
| product | elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction |
| activation energy | energy that is needed to get a reaction started |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
| enzyme | protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of biological reactions. |
| substrate | reactant of an enzyme catalyzed reaction |
Created by:
ledonduck