Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Cartia XT

Procardia XL, Nifedical, Adalat XL

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Cardio 1 Drugs 2

Generic	Brand	Indication	Class	MOA	Dose	Black Box Warning
Amlodipine	Norvasc	Hypertension	Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine	inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective	2.5 - 10 mg PO once daily	None
Amlodopine and Benazepril	Lotrel	Hypertension	Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine + Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor	inhibit L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective; also inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II	Amlodipine 2.5 - 10 mg/ Benazepril 10 - 40 mg PO once daily	Fetal toxicity
Bumetanide	Bumex	Edema or volume overload	Loop diuretic	inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-	0.5 -2 mg PO/IV once daily	Fluid/electrolyte loss
Chlorthalidone	Hygroton	Hypertension	Thiazide-related diuretic	inhibit Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, this inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion	12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily	None
Diltiazem	Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Cartia XT	Atrial fibrillation	Calcium Channel Blocker, Nondihydropyridine Antiarrhythmic Agent, Class IV	inhibit L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is cardiac selective	IR: 120 - 480 mg per day in 3-4 divided doses ER: 120 - 480 mg PO per day in 1-2 divided doses	None
Furosemide	Lasix	Edema or volume overload	Loop diuretic	inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and H2O, leading to diuresis	20 - 80 mg PO once daily	Fluid/electrolyte loss
Hydrochlorothiazide	Microzide	Hypertension	Thiazide diuretic	inhibit Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, thus inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion	12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily	None
Isosorbide mononitrate	Imdur	Angina	Vasodilator	ultimately leads to an increase in cGMP, with subsequent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation and vasodilation; preferentially dilates veins, but also dilates arteries and leads to a decrease in myocardial workload	IR: 5 - 20 mg PO BID ER: 30 - 120 mg PO once daily	None
Lisinopril and Hydrochlorothiazide	Zestoretic	Hypertension	Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) + Thiazide diuretic	inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and inhibits Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, this inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion	Lisinopril 10-20 mg/Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily	Fetal toxicity
Nifedipine	Procardia XL, Nifedical, Adalat XL	Hypertension	Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine	inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective	ER: 30 - 90 mg PO once daily	None
Nitroglycerin	Nitrostat	Angina	Vasodilator	bioactivated to release NO in vascular smooth muscle cells; leads to increase in cGMP, subsequent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation and vasodilation; preferentially dilates veins, also dilates arteries, leads to a decrease in myocardial workload	SL tab: Dissolve 0.4 mg sublingually at the first sign of chest pain; repeat every 5 minutes up to 3 doses	None
Spironolactone	Aldactone	Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Potassium Sparing Diuretic, Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) Receptor Antagonist	antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor @ the collecting duct, thus increasing Na+, Cl- and water excretion, while conserving K+ and H+ ions	12.5 - 50 mg PO once daily	None
Toresemide	Demadex	Edema or volume overload	Loop diuretic	inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and H2O, leading to diuresis	5 - 50 mg PO once daily	None
Triamterine and Hydrochlorothiazide	Dyazide, Maxzide	Hypertension	Potassium Sparing Diuretic + Thiazide Diuretic	Inhibits Na+reabsorption via epithelial Na+ channel @ collecting duct, and inhibits Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, thus inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion	Hydrochlorothiazide 25 - 50 mg/Triamterene 37.5 - 75 mg PO once daily	Hyperkalemia
Verapamil	Calan SR, Verelan, Verelan PM	Atrial fibrillation	Calcium Channel Blocker, Nondihydropyridine Antiarrhythmic Agent, Class IV	inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is cardiac selective	IR: 120 - 480 mg PO per day in 3-4 divided doses ER: 120 - 480 mg PO once daily	None
Losartan and Hydrochlorothiazide	Hyzaar	Hypertension	Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) + Thiazide diuretic	selective antagonist of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and inhibits Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, thus inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion	Losartan 50-100 mg/Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily	Fetal toxicity

Created by: mcasada

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