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Muscle Naming
Anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adductor | Adductor Magnus moves muscle to midline of body |
| Abductor | Abductor pollicius longus moves away from body midline |
| Flexor | Flexor Carpi radialis angle between bones decreases |
| Extensor | Extensor hallucis longus angle between bones increases |
| Oris | orbicularis oris mouth |
| Cervicis | semispinalis cervicis neck |
| Brachial | Biceps brachii |
| Carpi | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Pollicis | Opponens pollicis |
| Gluteal | Gluteus medius |
| Femoris | Quadratus femorus |
| Hallucis | extensor hallucis langus |
| Anterior | Tibialis anterior |
| Posterior/Dorsal | Tibialis Posterior, Latissimus dorsi |
| Superior | Serratus posterior superior |
| Inferior | Serratus posterior inferior |
| Superficialis | Flexor digitorum superficialis |
| Profundus | flexor digitorum profundus |
| Sternum and Clavicle | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Between ribs | intercostal |
| Subscapular fossa | subscapularis side of scapula facing the ribs |
| Fibula | fibularis longus |
| Zygomatic Bone | Zygomaticus major |
| Rectus | rectus abdominis straight |
| Oblique | external oblique angled |
| Orbicularis | orbicularis oculi circular |
| Deltoid | Deltoi trianglular |
| quadratus | Pronator quadratis rectangular |
| Trapezius | trapezoidal |
| Longus | abductor pollicis longus long |
| Brevis | Abductor pollicis brevis short |
| Major | Pectoralis major largerof 2 muscles |
| Minor | Pectoralis minor smaller of 2 muscles |
| Maximus | gluteus maximus largest |
| Medius | Gluteal medius medium sized |
| Minimus | Gluteus minimus smallest |
| Number of beads | use numerical prefixes such as bi or tri |
| Epicranius/Occipitofrontalis | Contains the epicranial aponeurosis and occipitofrontalis muscle |
| Frontal Belly of occipitofrontalis | moves scalp, eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead |
| Occipital Belly of Occipitofrontalis | retracts scalp |
| Orbicularis Oculi | closes eye, makes winking, blinking and squinting |
| Corrugator Supercilii | pulls eyebrows inferiorly and medially, creates a vertical wrinkle above nose |
| Levator palpebrae Superioris | elevates superior eyelid |
| Procerus | moves and wrinkles nose |
| Nasalis | compresses bridge and depressses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils |
| Orbicularis orbis | compress and purses lips, kiss muscle |
| Buccinator | compresses cheek, holds food between teeth during chewing |
| Risorius | retract corners of mouth, a closed mouth smile |
| Zygomaticus Major | Elevates corner of the mouth. smile muscle |
| Zygomaticus Minor | elevates corner of mouth and superior lip, smile muscle |
| Levator Anguli Oris | Draws corner of mouther superiorly and laterally (a deeper smile muscle) |
| Levator Labii Superioris | opens lips, raises and furrows the upper lip, creates a snarl |
| Depressor Anguli Oris | draws corners of mouth inferiorly and laterally, a frown muscle |
| Depressor Labii Inferioris | draws lower lip inferiorly and protrudes it, creates a pout |
| Mentalis | protrudes lower lips, pouts and creates chin wrinkles |
| Platysma | Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tenses skin of neck |
| Mastication | the process of chewing, temporalis and masseter insert on the mandible |
| Temporalis | Elevates and retracts mandible |
| Maseter | Elevates and protracts mandible |
| Suprahyoid Muscles | located superiorly to the hyoid bone, attaches to temporal bone and mandible. Include mylohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric and geniohyoid |
| Infrahyoid Muscles | Located inferior to the hyoid bone, attaches to scapula and sternum. Include sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid and sternothyroid |
| Sternocleidomastoid | runs obliquely across the nexk, attaching to the temporal bone. Have both a sternal and clavicular head. 3 attachments: sternum, clavicle, and temporal bone |
| Scalene Muscles | attach cervical vertebre and ribs. Include anterior scalene, middle scalene and posterior scalene |
| Splenius Capitis | runs obliquely from cervical vertebrae of neck to the back of skull |
| Suboccipital Muscles | small muscles deep to other neck muscles |
| Erector Spinae | Organized into iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis muscle group. Iliocostalis= most lateral Longissimus=middle Spinalis=most medial group |
| Transversospinalis Group | semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores. Semispinalis is superior to multifidus, largest muscles of this group |
| Diaphragm | Main breathing muscle, forms a partition between thoraz and abdomen |
| Muscles involved with breathing | external intercostals, internal inercostals, transversus thoracis muscles. Scalene muscles can also assist with breathing |
| Aterolateral wall of abdomen | 4 pairs of muscles, flex the vertebral column, and can help with exhalation. External/internal oblique, transverse and rectus abdominis |
| Linea Alba | Between L and R sides of rectus abdominis |
| Pectoral Firdle | Clavicle and scapula |
| Upper Limb | Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges |
| Posterior Axioappendicular Muscles | Trapezius, Levator scaplulae, Rhomboid major/minor. Muscles that move.stabilize scapula |
| Trapezius | Superior, middle and inferior. Medial Attachment Origin: occipital bone, vertebral column Lateral Attachement Insertions: clavi |
| Levator Scapulae | Origin: Cervical vertebre Attachment: scapula |
| Rhomboid Minor | Origin: Cervical and thoracic vertebre Attachment: scapula |
| Rhomboid Major | Origin: Attachment: |
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