Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is anatomical position? | standing straight up, palms foreward, feet facing forward |
| Segments of the Body | Cranium, Neck, Upper Extremity, Lower Extremity, Trunk |
| Upper Extremity | Arm, Forearm, and Hand |
| Lower Extremity | Thigh, Lower Leg, Foot |
| Trunk | Thorax, Abdomen |
| Medial | towards midline |
| Lateral | outside |
| Anterior | towards front (ventral) |
| Posterior | towards back (dorsal) |
| Distal | away from trunk |
| Proximal | close to trunk |
| Superior | body segment is above another |
| Inferior | body segment |
| Cranial | positioned close to the head |
| Caudal | positioned close to feet |
| Supine | laying face up |
| Prone | laying face down |
| Superficial | close to skin |
| Deep | more interior |
| Bilateral | both sides |
| Unilateral | one side |
| Contralateral | opposite side |
| Ipsilateral | same side |
| Sagittal Plane | left to right, flexion and extension, includes frontal axis |
| Frontal (Coronal) Plane | divides into anterior and posterior halves, abduction and adduction, internal flexion, inversion/exversion, includes sagittal axis |
| Transverse (Horizontal) Plane | divides top and bottom halves, rotation, supination/pronation, trunk rotation, cervical rotation, includes vertical axis |
| Sagittal Axis | anterior to posterior direction |
| Frontal Axis | left to right direction (medial to lateral) |
| Vertical Axis | top to bottom direction (longtidunal) |
| Motion will always happen.... | in the same plane and around same axis no matter position |
| Center of Gravity | intersection of all 3 cardinal planes |
| What are three degrees of freedom? | uniplanar, biplanar, and triplanar |
| kinetic chain | series of interconnected links |
| closed kinetic chain | distal segment is fixed, such as a squat |
| open kinetic chain | distal segment is not fixed, such as bicep curls |
| 1st Function of the Skeletal System: | support and shape |
| 2nd Function of the Skeletal System; | protect vital organs |
| 3rd Function of the Skeletal System: | assist movement, provides rigid structure for muscle attachment and leverage |
| 4th Function of the Skeletal System: | manufacture blood cells |
| 5th Function of the Skeletal System: | store calcium and mineral salts |
| muscle | increased internal force |
| joints | axis |
| axial | 80, cranium, vertibral column, ribcage, and sacrum |
| appendicular | 126, upper extremity- humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, carp and scapula. lower extremity- femur, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges, pelvic bone |
| Compact Bone | hard, dense, after layer |
| Cancellais Bone | spongy |
| Periosteum | thin, outer layer, blood vessels and nerve endings in structure.. Tendons attach and provide nourishment, promotes growth in diameter. |
| Osteoblasts | build bone |
| Osteoclasts | remove damage and old bone |
| Wolff's Law | bones adapt/shape based on the forces placed upon them |
| Epiphysis | covered in articular cartilage |
| Epiphysial Plates | growth plates |
| Diaphysis | shaft of a bone |
| Metaphysis | narrowing between diaphysis and epiphysis |
| Endosteum | inside bone |
| Long Bones | long/cylindrical- clavicle, humerus, metacarpals, tibia, and fibula |
| Short Bones | cube shaped, small |
| Flat Bones | ribs, cranium, sternum, scapula, curved structure, and thin or thick |
| Irregular Bones | nasal bone |
| Sesamoid Bones | embedded in a tendon- patella |
| What is the articular system? | joints |
| Three functions of joints: | allow movement, bear weight, and provide stability |
| Three ways to classify joints: | type, shape, and function |
| Osteokinematics: | motion that occurs btwn 2 bones at the joint |
| Arthrokinematics: | motion that occurs at the joint surface, such as roll, spin, and glide |
| Diarthrodial | mobile, synovial joints, non-axial, uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial |
| Synovial Joints | synovial capsule and multiple planes of motion |
| Non-Axial Joints | plane/glide joints |
| Uniaxial Joints | hinge joints- elbow/knee pivot joints- radial/ulnar (elbow) |
| Biaxial Joints | condyloid joints- MCP joint (hand) |
| Triaxial Joints | ball and socket joint- shoulder and hip saddle joint- thumb |
| Synathrodial Joints | stable, fibrous and cartilaginous |
| Fibrous | ligament/ fibers suture- skull syndesmosis gomphosis- teeth |
| Cartilaginous | cartilage synthysis- cartilage disk, in between 2 bones synchondrosis- cartilage between ribs and sternum |
| Cartilage | hyaline (articular)- covers end of bones fibrocartilage- cartilagenous disc elastic cartilage- ears and nose |
Created by:
user-2021040