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Exam 1 Study Prep

Intermediate Cardiac Sonography

QuestionAnswer
What is the epicardium? The outermost layer of the heart
In sinus arrhythmia associated with the respiratory cycle, what happens to the R-R interval in expiration? ?
In the normal heart, the branches of the aortic arch arising from the proximal arch occur in which order? Innominate artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian
What defines the dominant coronary artery? Side of the heart that gives rise to the posterior descending artery and posteriolateral artery
What term refers to no movement of a heart segment? akinetic
What describes the AV or atrioventricular valves? Open during ventricular diastole
What shape does the left ventricle maintain in its normal state? Ellipsoid
Characteristic findings of a rhythm that begins in the SA node? Positive P wave proceeding each QRS complex, Regular atrial and ventricular rhythm, P waves that look alike
What happens if the SA node fails to initiate an electrical impulse? An escape pacemaker site initiates an impulse
True or False: Pain can be a causative factor in the patient with sinus tachycardia True
Which of these is a causative force of sinus tachycardia? Body's demand for move oxygen
Sino-atrial block has an effect on which part of the ECG tracing? ?
The great vessels include which of the following? Pulmonary artery
True or False: Closure of the semilunar valve is the second heart sound True
Where is the lowest O2 saturation level found? Coronary sinus
True or False: The normal O2 saturation level for the right heart is 45% and for the left heart is 98% False
Which part of an ECG tracing may be longer in sinus bradycardia? QT interval
The semilunar valves? Cusps are surrounded by an annulus
What happens if the foramen ovale fails to close at birth? Blood shunts from left to right or becomes bidirectional
Which drug can delay the closure of the fetal shunts in the post-natal period? Prostaglandin
True or False: The umbilical vein carries mixed blood to the portal system False
Which blood vessels allows desaturated blood from the fetus to return to the placenta? Umbilical arteries
True or False: At 21-23 days, the heart tubes are forced to midline during a folding process that fuses them into a single endocardial heart tube True
According to DeWitt's notebook, what is the initial embryonic heart rate? 60-70 BPM
What causes the umbilical arteries to close and when does this event occur? Increased oxygen levels, shortly after birth
Which chamber of the heart is created as a result of the trabecular expansion growing inferiorly from the primitive ventricle? Apical portion of left ventricle
What structure is formed from the remnant of the ductus venosus? Ligamentum venosum
True or False: Increased right atrial pressure causes the foramen ovale to close False
In which week of the embryological development is the coronary sinus formed? ?
True or False: As placental blood flow decreases, the oxygen level increases and the carbon monoxide level decreases False
In which week of embryonic development do the endocardial cushions appear? Fourth week
Created by: marissagirl
 

 



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