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CNS 5

with essential knowledge

GenericBrandCategoryIndicationSide EffectsUS Boxed WarningOther Notes
buspirone (PO) Buspar Antianxiety agent Anxiety dizziness, drowsiness, nausea do not use with MAOI
alprazolam (PO) (CS-IV) Xanax Benzodiazepine Anxiety daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
clonazepam (PO) (CS-IV) Klonopin Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
diazepam (PO, IV) (CS-IV) Valium Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
lorazepam (PO, IV), (CS-IV) Ativan Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions IV: parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
midazolam (IV, IM) (CS-IV) Versed Benzodiazepine Anesthesia, sedation hypotension, apnea, bradypnea risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma & death w/ opioids/when used 4 sedation in noncritical settings; risk of abuse, misuse, addiction, dependence, & withdrawal rxns; dose must be individualized; nvr give by rapid injection in neonates
zolpidem (PO) (CS-IV) PO: Ambien, Ambien CR SL: Edular Hypnotic Insomnia decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia, parasomnias serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (i.e. sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); CI in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors
melatonin (PO) (OTC) --- Sleep aid Insomnia, jet lag drowsiness, daytime somnolence
propofol (IV) Diprivan Sedative, general anesthetic Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus bradycardia, hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome (rare) formulated as a 10% lipid emulsion containing 1.1 kcal/mL
dexmedetomidine (IV) Precedex Alpha2 agonist, sedative Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures bradycardia, hypotension tolerance and tachyphylaxis may occur if used longer than 24 hours
Created by: salmouie
 

 



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