Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IB Phil. - Key Terms
Important terms in IB Philosophy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Conceptual Scheme | The way we conceive knowledge about the world around us. |
| Objectivity | Capable of considering the world around us independently of our particular perspective. |
| Soul | In reference to the mind and body |
| Three parts to humans | 1. Appetitive Part Controls basic desires 2. Spirited Part Consists of anger, will for self-expression and recognition 3. Reason Ability to make correct judgements about the world |
| Forms | Plato believed in forms of the world. There is a perfect "horse" that we all get the idea of a horse from, then we apply things that identify, or have values of a horse, to things. |
| Self-evident truths | Foundation of reason |
| Law of Identity | "A subject is equal to the sum of its predicates, a=a." Everything that is, exists. |
| Law of Non-Contradictions | "No prejudice can be simultaneously attributed and denied to a subject, a≠~a." Nothing can simultaneously be and not be. |
| Law of Excluded Middle | "Of every two contradictorily opposite predicates one must belong to every subject." Each and every thing either is or is not. |
| Principle of Sufficient Reason | "Truth is the reference of a judgment to something outside it as its sufficient reason or ground." Of everything that is, it can be found why it is. |
| The Cosmological Argument | Using the principle of sufficient reasoning, one can deduce that there is a greater being "god" out there who made the big bang go off. |
| Necessary being | One who is its own sufficient reasoning |
| Empiricist | Basing philosophy on the principle that the entire contents of our mind comes from our experiences, and not a higher truth. |
| Paradigm Shift | A radical change in a basic concepts, theories, and standards that define that specific field. |
| Episteme | A basic, unconscious way of seeing the world and of using reason. |
| Perspectivism | Any facts or knowledge that we have gathered about the world is based on ourselves - our needs, values, and bodies. |
| Evolutionary Psychology | Instead of explaining the physical components of the biological world, we use the explanations of behavior using evolution. |
| Altrusim | Acting in a way that will benefit other peoples instead of yourself, regardless of damage and danger it may cause to yourself. |
| Cognitive Bias | An unconscious, systematic error in thinking that affects how people process information, make decision, and judge the world around them. |
| Conformation Bias | A process of thought that promotes what you believe and overlooks the bigger picture in what is right and wrong. (Wason Selection Task) |
| Optimism Bias | The unconscious rejection of facts to favor a more attractive outcome. |
| Tripartite Theory of Unconscious. | Id - Basic Instincts Super-ego - Formed of social norms that have been internalized into an unconscious morality. Ego - The only part that is conscious. Contradictory impulses from the Id and the Super-ego. |
| The Theory of Defense Mechanisms | Denial - Ego defends itself boy rejecting a fact that is too uncomfy to accept Rationalization - Ego invents reasons for an action or feeling when the real cause is unacceptable to the ego. |
| The Theory of Defense Mechanism 2 | Reaction formation - The ego deals with an uncomfy truth by assessing an extreme version of its opposite. Sublimation - Instead of expressing the basic drives for aggression and sexuality, we transform them into social useful energies. |
| The Theory of Defense Mechanism 3 | Repression - The ego suppresses a difficult feeling or impulse by forcing it into the unconscious. |
Created by:
cal3b