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Exterior Walls
What you as a Home Inspector should know about the Exterior Walls!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the 6 items that home inspectors should observe and report on | 1) All sides of the exterior walls, covering, flashing, & trim 2) Exterior Doors, Garage Doors & Operators 3) Attached Decks, Balconies, Stoops, Steps 4) Eaves, Soffits, & Fascias 5) Walkways, Patios, & Driveways 6) Windows - Condition & # of |
| List the 9 items that home inspectors are NOT required to observe and report on | 1) Seasonal Accessories (Awnings, Screens, Shutters) 2) Fences 3) Soil Conditions 4) Recreational Areas 5) Out-buildings 6) Hot tubs, swimming pools, saunas 7) Earth stabilization measures 8) Security locks & systems 9) Window glass protection |
| What is the function of a Framed Wall? | To transfer the weight (live & dead) from the roof to the floors/ceilings to the foundation, the to the soil Resist horizontal loads imposed by wind & enclose a space as part of the building |
| TRUE or FALSE It is possible to bring down an entire home by removing or cutting into a load bearing wall | TRUE |
| What are the 2 types of walls? | 1) Non-load bearing wall (partition) 2) Load Bearing Wall |
| What are Plates? | Beams that run horizontal at the very top and bottom of the frames. (Top & Bottom Plate) |
| What are Studs? | Framing members that run vertically from the top plate to the bottom plate. These are typically 16"-24" apart |
| What is it? Horizontal framing member that runs across the length of the floor or platform of the house | Joists |
| What is a Header? | Horizontal framing members that are most commonly installed over a window or door. This supports the load over a large opening |
| What is it? Horizontal framing member installed at the bottom of an opening? | Sill/Saddle |
| What are Cripples? | Vertical framing members that support a sill/saddle |
| What is it? Vertical framing member that supports the header | Jack Studs/Trimmer |
| What are King Studs? | Vertical Framing member is placed off layout adjacent to the framed opening (door or window) on each side. |
| Prior to the 1970's typical wall construction was using ________ lumber. Now the standard is 2"X6" | 2"X4" |
| What are the 9 most common Material Types of Wall Coverings | 1) Aluminum 2) Vinyl 3) Wood 4) Brick 5) Stone 6) Stucco 7) Asbestos Cement 8) Cement 9) Insulbrick |
| What is the purpose of a Wall Covering? | 1) Restrict intrusion of weather elements 2) Allow moisture to drain out from behind the exterior finish 3) Constructed in a manner that provides durability |
| Where might you find/see flashing? (9 items) | 1) Valleys 2) Dormers 3) Drip Edge 4) Chimney 5) Plumbing Stack 6) Electrical Connections 7) Windows 8) Doors 9) Foundation |
| Name the 5 Flashing Material Types | 1) Galvanized (lowest cost) 2) Aluminum (mid-level cost) 3) Copper (highest cost) 4) Lead (long lasting, old (defect)) 5) Flashing Tape |
| Why are Exterior Sealants considered a defect? | They require periodic maintenance to ensure water infiltration doesn't occur (caulking) |
| Name the 2 common types of Exterior Doors | 1) Entrance to the main house 2) Entrance to the basement |
| If there is no roof covering a door. Where should you first look for defects? | 1) Exterior casing (top & bottom) 2) Door jambs 3) Sill 4) Wood Rot 5) Lock & latches 6) Handles 7) Threshold 8) Weather stripping |
| TRUE or FALSE A typical Belko/Goron basement door is weather proofed | FASLE - If you can see sunlight - water, pests, & vermin are likely present |
| A ________ window allows the window to be manually opened/closed, whereas static window is a fixed window | Dynamic |
| The purpose of ________ around windows is to prohibit water from infiltrating the junction of the wall & dopr/window | Trim |
| TRUE or FALSE Window inspections are performed on the outside of the house | FALSE - Interior is where you can open and close the window system |
| Remember to consider the following: Drip Cap, Caulking, base of Trim at the Sill, Drip Edge, ________, and paint on the trim of a window | Side Wall Flashing |
| Why are egress windows important? | Allows a person(s) to escape the basement/cellar in the event of a fire or other catastrophic event |
| What are the basic requirements for an Egress window? | 1) Bottom of the opening must be 44" from floor 2) Width of opening >= 20" 3) Height of opening >= 24" 4) Window walls >= 3'X3' 5) If deck/porch above basement window >36" of headroom |
| High-Efficiency Piping should exit the Exterior Wall at the minimum of _________ from the ground | 1.5' ** It is recommended to be 3' |
| Minimally how far should an Exhaust Pipe be from a Window? | 3' |
| What are the general practices for High-Efficiency Piping? | 1) Inlet pipe (facing down) 2) Discharge pipe s(facing up) 3)> 4' from Soffits 4) > 3' from Gas Meter 5) > 1.5' from ground 6) > 7' from Driveway 7) Should not be under decks 8) No discharge at inside corners 9) >= 3' combustion air outlet |
Created by:
normandesch