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Roof & Ventilation
What you as a Home Inspector should know about Roofs & Ventilation Systems!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Home inspectors are NOT required to observe and report on (3 items) | 1. Antennas, lighting arrestors, or similar attachments 2. Any Flue or chimney interior that is NOT readily accessible 3. Other installed accessories (solar, security cameras, flood lights, etc) |
| Fill in the blank: Home inspectors are not required to determine the _______ if roof coverings, manufacturer's defects, installation methods, or recalls to determine the number of shingle layers present. | remaining life expectancy |
| Home inspectors shall report on readily and accessible... (4 items) | 1) Roofing materials & their condition 2) Roof draining/Drainage Systems 3) Flashing 4) Skylights, Chimneys, & Roof Penetrations |
| Name 3 ways roofs can be observed for your inspection | 1) Above (drone (you need a license with the FAA)) 2) Side (ladder from the eaves) 3) Below (visually or with binoculars (you didn't go on the roof)) |
| When should home inspectors NOT walk on a roof? | If the roof could result in damage to the roof, roofing material, or endanger the health & safety of the home inspector ** Most insurance companies will not insure you if you go on roofs |
| How is the pitch of a roof calculated? | Height/length = pitch |
| What are the 4 main components of a roof system? | 1) Supporting Structure 2) Covering 3) Decking 4) Style |
| Name the 2 types of supporting structures | 1) Truss 2) Rafters |
| Where in a home would you find the structure supports? | Attic or the tallest area of the home |
| Name the 3 main elements of a roof system | 1) Decking 2) Underlayment 3) Drip Edge |
| Name the 3 common material types that you will observe on the roof decking. | 1) Wood Sheathing 2) Oriented Strand Board 3) Wood Boards |
| What is underlayment? Provide the typical types used with home construction | A secondary layer (barrier) that protects the decking from water infiltration. 1) Felt paper (Two thicknesses: 15lbs | 30 lbs) 2) Ice/water barrier - installed at the bottom edge of roof & valleys |
| What is a Drip Edge? | A thin metal strip that protects the edge of the decking and assists in directing water into a gutter system |
| What degree of roofs should you avoid walking on and what are the steep pitches where they begin? | 45° 6/12, 7/12. 8/12, 9/12, 10/12, 11/12, 12/12 |
| Name the SAFE low & steep pitches a home inspector can be on | Low: 1/12, 2/12 Steep: 3/12, 4/12, 5/12 |
| Name the 11 Common Roof Styles you may come across | Gable, Cross Gable, Mansard, Hip, Pyramid Hip, Cross-Hipped, Saltbox, Gambrel, Flat, Bonnet, Shed |
| What are the 6 covering material types inspectors should NEVER walk on? | 1) Wood Shakes 2) Wood Shingles 3) Slate 4) Clay Tile 5) Asbestos Tile 6) Metal |
| TRUE or FALSE All coverings must have an underlayment that have the following: felt & ice/water barriers | TRUE |
| Name the 6 types of roof coverings that a home inspector could traverse | 1) Three Tab Asphalt 2) Architectural Asphalt 3) Rolled Asphalt 4) Rolled Rubber 5) Thermoplastic Olefilm (TPO) 6) Built Up Roofs (BUR) |
| Name some additional elements of a roof system | Fascia, Drip Edge, Cricket, Skylights, Vent Pipe, Drain Pipe, Valley Flashing, Step-Flashing |
| What is a Fascia? | The vertical region underneath the edge of the roof |
| What is a Cricket? | A small gable style roof that is located behind a chimney that diverts water away from the backside of the chimney |
| What is a Skylight? | An overhead window mounted in the roof. This allows light into the house ** These will always leak as they need constant upkeep. |
| What is a Vent Pipe? | Allows gas from the waste system to exhaust to the outside of the home |
| What is a Drain Pipe? | Typically found on flat roofs. This pipe redirects rainwater to the drainage system |
| What is Valley Flashing? | A thin continuous metal sheet that is installed to intersecting roofs |
| What is Step Flashing? | Thin pieces of L-shaped metal that slightly overlap one another to redirect rain water along an edge |
| What is the purpose of a roof ventilation system? | Maintain a reasonable temperature by allowing air movement through the attic region of the home |
| Name the 6 most common roof ventilation (vents) systems & describe them | 1) Soffits - underneath the fascia 2) Gable - front face of the gable 3) Roof - Added when more cooling is needed 4) Ridge - Top of the roof peak 5) Power - Attic Fan 6) Turbine - spinning vanes depending on wind |
| Name the 6 components that make up a chimney | 1) Flue - Protects against gases 2) Case - Top portion 3) Mortar - Holds the structure together 4) Crown/Cap - Protects from water getting into main area 5) Spark Arrestor/Rain Cap - Extinguishes Embers 6) Flashing - Diverts and protects from water |
| What is the 3-2-10 Rule? | The chimney must extend 3' above the roof on the shortest side. The top of the chimney must be 2' higher than any portion of the structure within 10ft |
| What could happen if the Chimney doesn't follow the 2-3-10 Rule? | A backdraft can occur. The smoke & air that should be escaping outside of the home is now trapped inside of the home |
| What are the 2 types of Chimney Vents? | 1) L-Vent - Double Wall Pipe, designed for oil burning heat appliances and gas burning systems | < 750℉ 2) B-Vent - Designed for gas burning appliances | < 350℉ |
| Why are Gutter Systems important? | They are used to divert rainwater away from the roof structure & foundation |
| Name the 3 common Gutter Systems | 1) Seamless - Single continuous gutter 2) Sectional - Pre-cut & connected together 3) Philadelphia/Box - Built into the roof eaves |
| List the 6 components of a Gutter System? | 1) Gutter 2) Downspouts 3) Kickouts 4) Leaf Guard 5) Extensions 6) Drain Pipe |
| What is it? A trough that carries water | Gutter |
| What is it? Vertical Pipe that is connected to the gutter | Downspout |
| What is it? Redirects rainwater along the adjacent wall to the gutter | Kickouts |
| What is it? Reduces debris collection in the gutter | Leaf Guard |
| What is it? Redirects the rainwater away from the foundation | Extensions |
| What is it? Water is expelled/collected in here to move the water away from the foundation | Drain Pipe |
| There are several variables involved when deciding if a home inspector should walk on a roof. Same some of them | 1) Visible 2) Age 3) Style & Material Type 4) Height & Pitch 5) Weather |
Created by:
normandesch