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A&P Tissues
A&P Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tissue | Group of similar cells that perform a special function |
| Tissue | Has four main types and includes the extracellular environment of cell |
| Epithelial | Made of cells so tightly packed that no blood cells can penetrate them --> avascular |
| Epithelial | Found in skin, body cavities, and organ linings --> forms glands |
| Covering and Lining Epithelium | Anchors skin, organs and cavities |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Flattened, single layer, centrally located nucleus |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Found where cells must be thin to allow materials to diffuse through |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Lines blood vessel walls, lymphatic vessels, tiny capillaries, air sacs of lungs, and body cavity lining |
| Simple Cuboidal | Cube shaped, single layer, central nucleus, often has cilia or microvilli along free surface |
| Simple Cuboidal | Forms walls of small tubes or ducts that carry secretion |
| Simple Cuboidal | Found in kidneys, lover, and some glands |
| Simple Columnar | Single layer, cylindrical, nucleus located near attachment |
| Simple Columnar | Secretes a lot so it has a lot of mitochondria and golgi apparatus |
| Simple Columnar | Found in uterus, digestive organs |
| Simple Columnar | Microvilli in intestines aid in absorption of food particles |
| Stratified Squamous | Multilayered, covers areas that have a lot of wear, flattened |
| Stratified Squamous | Outer layer of skin and all openings to the body to protect from abrasions |
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | Single layer, irregular shape and nucleus location |
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | Long cilia creates currents for mucus movement. Found in trachea and bronchi |
| Transitional Epithelium | Multi-layered, cube-like or irregular shape |
| Transitional Epithelium | Can expand and recoil. Bladder and ureters |
| Glandular Epithelium | Closely packed and highly specialized to manufacture and secrete products |
| Exocrine Glands | Empty their products into ducts which sends it to its place of need |
| Exocrine Glands | Sweat glands, oil glands, salivary glands, and some mucus glands |
| Endocrine Glands | Secretes products into extracellular area where they can get into bloodstream to be distributed |
| Endocrine Glands | Pituitary (base of brain), thyroid (neck), adrenal (top of kidneys) |
| Connective Tissue | Widely scattered throughout body and important for support and "glues" tissue & organs in place |
| Connective Tissue Proper | Found throughout the body |
| Loose Connective | Most widespread, fibers are loose, disorganized and surrounded by fluid |
| Loose Connective | Located beneath skin, around blood vessels, between muscles |
| Loose Connective | Cushions organs, provides support without restricting movement, important during times of infection --> macrophages |
| Adipose Tissue | Large, spherical cells containing fat |
| Adipose Tissue | Stores energy as fat, insulating padding between organs & amount depends on energy requirement |
| Adipose Tissue | Deep under skin especially at sides, buttocks, breasts, eyes, and around kidneys. Influenced by exercise, nutrition, and hormones |
| Dense Connective Tissue | Packed tightly and located between skeletal muscles and bone (tendons), between bone and bone (ligament), covering of muscle and capsules for organs |
| Dense Connective Tissue | Provides firm attachment of muscles so they can pull, stabilizes bones, prevents overexpansion of organs such as bladder |
| Cartilage | Very dense, firm with many protein fibers in matrix |
| Cartilage | Three types in adults that differ in types of fiber |
| Hyaline | Blueish, white in color |
| Hyaline | Most abundant, weakest, provides stiff but flexible support |
| Hyaline | Trachea, larynx (voice box), bronchi, end of bones where joints move, between ribs and sternum, part of nasal septum |
| Hyaline | Found in skeletons of fetus and precedes bones in children |
| Elastic | Yellowish, firm but flexible |
| Elastic | Ears, end of nose, flap of larynx called epiglottis |
| Elastic | Provides support but tolerates distortion without damage and returns to original shape |
| Fibrocartilage | Solid, but flexible, acts like shock absorber |
| Fibrocartilage | Knee, vertebral discs, pelvis |
| Bone | Intercellular material is filled with mineral salts and collagenous fibers making hard and durable |
| Matrix | Dense intercellular |
| Osteocytes | Bone cells lay within chamber called lacunae |
| Periosteum | Membrane surrounding dense bones that nourish the osteocytes |
| Compact Bone | So densely packed, nourishment must be supplied to osteocytes through blood vessels that run through canals in bone called haversion canals |
Created by:
Han Rea