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Nursing 1111 Wk2
Animal Behavior
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List common problem behaviors exhibited by normal animals | Urine marking is a normal behavior of dogs and cats. Depositing urine, feces, and anal sac secretions is unpalatable to humans but normal for animals. Destructive behavior, to a certain extent, is normal. Dogs will choose to engage in ripping, shredding |
| What is frequently used to reward a pet when teaching them a new behavior? | |
| What is “desensitization” and how does it work? | |
| What is meant by “habituation” when dealing with animals? | |
| List some commonly performed procedures that are often times made easier when a pet owner works with the pet on habituation. | |
| Explain the difference between “reinforcement” and “punishment” and give an example of each. | |
| Define “positive reinforcement” and “negative reinforcement” and give an example of each. | |
| What is “negative punishment”? | |
| What is “positive punishment” and why is it not appropriate for a veterinary setting? | Welfare concerns, consequence must be so unpleasant, the learner actively tries to avoid it May connect the punishment with the person or item delivering it, developing a fear rather than extinction Must be timely and consistent every time, 1s |
| What are the ABC’s of Behavior? What is A? B? C? | |
| List and briefly describe the 4 main categories of pet behavior professionals. | |
| Which of these professionals can diagnose and prescribe medications for behavioral problems? | |
| space saver | |
| space saver | |
| /Affiliative behaviors | |
| /Aggression in cats | •Aggression is threatening or harmful behavior directed toward another individual (a person, another cat or other animals) •Second most common feline behavior problem |
| / | |
| /Antecedent | The "A" in ABC of Applied Behavior Analysis model. Antecedents are stimuli that precede the unwanted behavior |
| /Anxiety | A demonstration of a feeling of uneasiness, apprehension or dread. Involves activation of the autonomic nervous system w/ an ↑ in HR, RR & muscle tension. Increases the probability of operant behavior involving escape or avoidance responses. |
| /Backward conditioning | |
| /Behavior | The "B" in ABC of Applied Behavior Analysis model. Behavior is what the animal actual does |
| /Body language | The primary language our animal patients use to communicate with one another and with us. Body language cues have meaning and function. |
| /Classical conditioning | Classical conditioning occurs when a learner associates a previously meaningless stimulus with one that already evokes a response |
| /Conflict-related aggression | |
| /Consequence | The "C" in ABC of Applied Behavior Analysis model. Consequences follow behavior and drive future behavioral decisions |
| /Considerate approach | Considerate Approach concept encompasses “the interaction between the veterinary team and the patients and inputs from the environment while veterinary care is being administered.” |
| /Conspecific | Conspecifics are individual organisms that belong to the same biological species |
| /Counterconditioning | Counterconditioning is an interventional technique to replace an existing conditioned response |
| /Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists | |
| /Delay conditioning | |
| /Desensitization | Gradually introducing a stimulus to a learner such that the learner does not respond to it The goal of desensitization is to develop a nonresponse or a favorable response in an animal to a particular stimulu |
| /Diagnosis | A name given to a disease so that each veterinarian means the same syndrome as every other veterinarian . may be the name of the disease w/ a specific etiology or a description of the morphological identity of the disease |
| /Distraction/Backward Conditioning | |
| /Emotional medical record | should include what the animal prefers for distractions, the best location to work with this animal, if there is a provider preference, and specific handling notes and responses for each visit. |
| /FAS | FAS for Fear, Anxiety, and Stress. The FAS score is a numeric value assigned to the patient’s level of fear, anxiety, and stress. |
| /FearFear-related aggression | |
| /Fear Free TM | A certification program that strives to provide the highest quality veterinary medical care by protecting the emotional welfare of the patient |
| /Gentle control | •Distractions• Stabilization, rather than restraint• Pt made to feel secure—no slipping, etc• Pt gently kept in place with attn paid to all 6 directions (↑,↓,←,→, fwd, back)•preventing harm to the pet and the vet team• A plan to stop if the FAS rapidly↑ |
| / | |
| /Habituation | Habituation is a type of conditioning, in which the learner’s response to the same stimulus decreases in intensity over time |
| /Negative punishment | Decreasing a behavior over time by removing something from the situation is called negative punishment general, negative punishment removes something the learner wants, so through trial and error the learner realizes that its behavior does not achieve a |
| /Negative reinforcement | Negative reinforcement is the removal of something to increase the likelihood that a particular behavior will happen again |
| /Operant conditioning | •A form of learning where consequences drive future behavior •the animal makes choices & choices lead to consequences. Learner is exposed to situations, stimuli, cues, environments, & events. Each exposure will lead to a consequence from the animal’s pov |
| /Play-related aggression | |
| /Pheromones | Substance secreted outside the body & perceived by smell by others of the same species, releasing specific behavior in the percipient. Useful in commercial products for managing inapp. urine/spraying, anxiety and aggression |
| /Positive punishment | •Positive punishment means adding something to the situation to decrease a behavior in the future •Not appropriate in the veterinary setting |
| /Positive reinforcement | •If something is added to the situation after a behavior and the behavior strengthens over time, positive reinforcement •Some of the most common tools used for positive reinforcement training in the veterinary hospital are food treats |
| /Punishment | Anything that decreases the future frequency, intensity, or duration of the behavior |
| /Reinforcement | Anything that increases the future frequency, intensity, or duration of the behavior |
| /Repetitive behavior | |
| /Sensitization | Sensitization occurs when the animal develops a stronger response over time to the same stimulus |
| /Simultaneous conditioning | |
| /Socialization | Process of familiarization btwn animals in a group, & btwn the animal & humans It is an opportunity to teach young animals that people, animals, & experiences they encounter later in life are safe & enjoyable. & should be positive, pleasant, & protected |
| /Stress | The sum of the biological rxns to any adverse stimulus, physical, mental, or emotional, internal or external that tends to disturb the homeostasis of the organism. Also refers to the stimuli that elicit these rxn. May lead to disease states. |
| /Touch Gradient | A method of touching animals in a systematic and sensitive way to decrease fear, anxiety, and stress during handling |
| /Trace conditioning | A type of conditioning that pairs touch with food to develop a strong response over multiple short trials |
| /Unwanted behaviors | The most common unwanted behaviors described by cat and dog owners who surrender their pets to shelters are unwanted elimination , destructive behavior, and aggression |
| /Unwanted elimination in cats | The single most commonly described objectionable behavior. Early dx, treatment, and behavior modification help improve the prognosis for unwanted elimination. The longer the unwanted elimination persists, the more difficult it can be to change |
| / Veterinary Technician Specialists | VTSs) in Behavior have also completed advanced continuing education and have demonstrated extensive knowledge and skill by passing a stringent professional examination that is administered by the Academy of Veterinary Behavior Nurses |
| Happy Visits | •Happy visits involve visiting the hospital; receiving treats, toys, tactile in the parking lot, lobby, and exam room; and leaving. No medical care nor simulated medical care is administered |
| Victory Visits | •Victory visits involve scheduling time for the patient to visit the hospital for specific training to accustom the animal to veterinary and husbandry procedures |
| Behavior modification and mangament | •BM •Management means controlling the animal’s environment and experiences to prevent an unwanted behavior. |
| Unwanted Elimination in dogs | Housetraining a dog requires investment of time. Puppies are not fully housetrained until they have gone 12 consecutive weeks without eliminating in unwanted locations. Most puppies are not physically capable of meeting this benchmark until age 6 months. |
| House training dogs | •four factors: realistic expectations; management, supervision, and training; forming good habits; and being consistent. •the dog should be taken out after sleeping, eating, drinking, and high-energy activity periods, such as play sessions |
| 1. Why should dog owners be discouraged from dominating their pet by using scruff shakes, alpha rolls, and physical intimidation? | |
| / | |
| 2. What is the cause of most growling / biting type problem behaviors in dogs? | |
| 3. List some important things to do with a puppy/dog presented to the clinic to decrease the fear associated with the visit. | |
| 4. What can you suggest to a client whose dog jumps up on people? | |
| 5. What can you suggest to a client whose dog strains at the leash? | |
| 6. Define and describe Separation Anxiety. | |
| 7. Why is it important to know the age of the animal when aggressive behavior first began? | |
| 8. Define and describe Cognitive Dysfunction in dogs and cats. | |
| 9. Define and describe aggression: Offensive aggression; Defensive aggression | |
| 10. List and understand some things that can cause aggressive behavior. | |
| / | |
| 11. What do dogs use to signal their intentions / feelings to others? | |
| 12. When assessing a dog’s behavior, can you identify his / her mood based on looking at one aspect its body? | |
| / | |
| 13. Can a fearful dog show aggression? | |
| 14. How should you handle a fearful dog? | |
| / | |
| 1. What is a socialization period? | |
| 2. At what age does the first socialization period begin? | |
| 3. What is the juvenile period? | |
| 4. What are fear periods? What do they occur? | |
| 5. At what age do kittens begin to eat solid food and begin to use the litter box? | |
| 6. What do you think is one of the most common complaints that cat owners have? | |
| 7. List some reasons why cats urinate and defecate outside the litter box. | |
| 8. What are some medical disorders that can result in a cat not using a litter box? | |
| 9. If a cat continues with inappropriate urination after the owner has changed the litter and litter box type, placement, cleanliness, etc., what diagnostics tests should be performed? | |
| / | |
| 11. What are signs of an offensive posture in cats? | |
| 12. What are signs of a defensive posture in cats? | |
| 13. What are signs of overt aggression in cats? | |
| 14. What medical conditions may contribute to a cat becoming aggressive? | |
| 5 Classes of aggressive behaviors in cats. | |
| •Feline Fearful / Defensive Aggression | •Feline Fearful / Defensive Aggression •Feline Redirected Aggression •Feline Petting-Induced Aggression •Feline Pain induced / Irritable Aggression •Feline Idiopathic Aggression |
| •Feline Redirected Aggression | |
| •Feline Petting-Induced Aggression | |
| •Feline Pain induced / Irritable Aggression | |
| •Feline Idiopathic Aggression | |
Created by:
shawamber