A political principle that restricts the powers and authority of government, ensuring that it cannot infringe upon individual rights and freedoms. This concept is foundational to the structure of democracy, emphasizing that the government should operate within defined boundaries set by laws and the constitution.

Considered to be inherent and universal, not dependent on laws or customs. These rights include life, liberty, and property (pursuit of happiness), and they serve as the foundation for democratic governance and individual freedoms.

A political ideology centered around the belief that government should be based on the consent of the governed and that representatives should be elected to serve the interests of the people.

The authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives.

Social Contract Theory

A philosophical concept that suggests individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of a governing body in exchange for protection of their remaining rights.

A basic concept embodied in the Constitution which refers to the division and sharing of power between the national and state governments.

In order to preserve individual liberty, the Framers sought to ensure that a separate and independent branch of the Federal Government would exercise each of the government's three basic functions: legislative, executive, and judicial.

A system that allows each branch of a government to amend, override, or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power or power beyond its authority.

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Foundational Terms

Ideals of Democracy and Principles of Government

Term	Definition
LImited Government	A political principle that restricts the powers and authority of government, ensuring that it cannot infringe upon individual rights and freedoms. This concept is foundational to the structure of democracy, emphasizing that the government should operate within defined boundaries set by laws and the constitution.
Natural Rights	Considered to be inherent and universal, not dependent on laws or customs. These rights include life, liberty, and property (pursuit of happiness), and they serve as the foundation for democratic governance and individual freedoms.
Republicanism	A political ideology centered around the belief that government should be based on the consent of the governed and that representatives should be elected to serve the interests of the people.
Popular Sovereignty	The authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives.
Social Contract Theory	A philosophical concept that suggests individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of a governing body in exchange for protection of their remaining rights.
Federalism	A basic concept embodied in the Constitution which refers to the division and sharing of power between the national and state governments.
Separation of Powers	In order to preserve individual liberty, the Framers sought to ensure that a separate and independent branch of the Federal Government would exercise each of the government's three basic functions: legislative, executive, and judicial.
Checks and Balances	A system that allows each branch of a government to amend, override, or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power or power beyond its authority.

Created by: Lynn Pritt

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