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Integumentary system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| integumentary systems four important functions | two way protective barrier, regulates temp, houses sensory receptors, secretes important fluids |
| organs of the integumentary system | skin, hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands |
| true or false: the skin is the largest organ of the body | true |
| how much does the skin weigh | 20 pounds |
| the skin is also called what | integument and cutaneous membrane |
| the skin provides constant | protection to the body |
| the primary function of the skin | protection |
| the skin forms a what barrier that keeps what out | 2 way barrier that keeps pathogens and harmful substances out |
| the skin keeps what in | critical fluids |
| what does the skin protect | internal organs and tissues |
| where are sensory receptors housed in the skin | the middle layer |
| what do sensory receptors in the skin sense | temp, pain, touch, pressure |
| messages from sensory receptors travel where | the brain and spinal cord |
| sweat glands produce what | sweat |
| sweat evaporates off the skin and creates | a cooling effect |
| sebaceous glands produce what | an oil called sebum |
| sebum does what to the skin | lubricates it and keeps it from becoming too dry |
| the skin consists of how many layers | two |
| the thin, outer membrane layer of the skin | epidermis |
| the middle, fibrous connective tissue layer | dermis |
| the important layer of fatty tissue below the skin | subcutaneous |
| epidermis is composed of | stratified squamous epithelium |
| flat scale like cells | stratified squamous epithelium |
| stratified squamous epithelium is arranged in what | overlapping layers called strata |
| true or false: the epidermis has no blood supply or connective tissue | true |
| what is the deepest layer of the epidermis | basal layer |
| in what layer of the epidermis do cells continously grow and push old cells towards the surface | basal layer |
| what happens when old cells are pushed up | they shrink, die, and fill with keratin |
| keratinized cells overlap and allow what | for the skin to act as a waterproof barrier |
| what does the basal layer contain | melanocytes |
| what do melanocytes produce | black pigment melanin that gives skin its color |
| what does melanin protect the skin against | ultraviolet rays of the sun and skin cancer |
| another word for dermis | corium |
| what is the deepest layer of the skin | dermis |
| where is the dermis located | between the epidermis and the subcutaneous |
| what part of the skin is living tissue with good blood supply | dermis |
| what is the dermis made of | connective tissue and collagen fibers |
| what gives the dermis strength | connective tissue and collagen fibers |
| what do ridges formed in the dermis create | unique fingerprints |
| what is housed in the dermis | hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, blood and lymph vessels, sensory receptors and nerve fibers, muscle fibers |
| another word for subcutaneous layer | hypodermis |
| where does the hypodermis lie | beneath the skin |
| what is the hypodermis composed of | fat cells called lipocytes |
| what layer of the skin protects deeper tissues of the body and acts as insulation | hypodermis |
| true or false: the hair is an acessory organ | true |
| what does the hair consist of | follicle, root, shaft, and arrector pili muscle |
| as hair grows older what does it do | keratinized cells are forced upward by new cells |
| what gives hair its color | melanin |
| what contracts to make the hair shaft stand up | arrector pili |
| what is the main part of the nail | the flat plate of keratin called the nail body |
| what is the flat plate of keratin on the nail called | nail body |
| the nail body is connected to the underlying tissue by the | nail bed |
| what is the base of the nail | lunula |
| where do nails grow from | the nail root |
| what is the nail root covered by | the cuticle |
| what is the free edge of the nail | the part of the nail that is exposed and must be trimmed |
| where do sebaceous glands release sebum directly into | hair follicles |
| what lubricates the skin and prevents drying and cracking | sebum |
| what increases during adolescence causing acne | sebaceous secretions |
| what decreases with age contributing to wrinkles and dry skin | sebaceous secretions |
| whats another name for sweat glands | sudoriferous glands |
| what are coiled glands in the dermis | sweat glands |
| sweat travels to the surface via a | seat duct |
| sweat exits to the surface via a | sweat pore |
| sweat cools the body as it | evaporates |
| most sweat is...? | colorless and oderless |
| what type of sweat produces body odor | apocrine glands |
| albin/o | white |
| angi/o | vessel |
| bas/o | the base |
| bi/o | life |
| carcin/o | cancer |
| cauter/o | to burn |
| chem/o | chemical |
| cis/o | to cut |
| cortic/o | outer layer |
| cry/o | cold |
| cutane/o | skin |
| cyt/o | cell |
| derm/o | skin |
| dermat/o | skin |
| diaphor/o | profuse sweating |
| electr/o | electricity |
| erythr/o | red |
| esthesi/o | feeling |
| hem/o | blood |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| ichthy/o | scaly, dry |
| kerat/o | hard, horny |
| leuk/o | white |
| lip/o | fat |
| melan/o | black |
| myc/o | fungus |
| necr/o | death |
| onych/o | nail |
| pedicul/o | lice |
| phot/o | light |
| py/o | pus |
| rhytid/o | wrinkle |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| scler/o | hard |
| seb/o | oil |
| septic/o | infection |
| system/o | system |
| trich/o | hair |
| ungu/o | nail |
| vesic/o | sac |
| xer/o | dry |
| derma | skin condition |
| emia | blood condition |
| ia | state, condition |
| iasis | abnormal condition |
| ism | state of |
| malacia | abnormal softening |
| oma | mass or tumor |
| opsy | view of |
| osis | abnormal condition |
| phagia | eat, swallow |
| ule | small |
| allo | other |
| an | without |
| anti | against |
| auto | self |
| epi | above |
| de | without |
| ex | outward |
| hypo | under |
| intra | within |
| para | beside |
| sub | under |
| xeno | foreign |
| cutaneous | pertaining to the skin |
| dermal | pertaining to the skin |
| dermic | pertaining to the skin |
| epidermal | pertaining to above the skin |
| hypodermic | pertaining to below the skin |
| intradermal | pertaining to within the skin |
| subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin |
| ungual | pertaining to the nail |
| dermatology | diagnosis/treatment of conditions/diseases of skin |
| plastic surgery | involved in repair, reconstruction, improvement of body that is damaged/missing/misshapen |
| abrasion | friction scraping away skin surface |
| anhidrosis | condition of producing sweat |
| comedo | hardened sebum in hair follicle, blackhead |
| cyst | fluid filled sac under skin |
| diaphoresis | profuse sweating |
| eccymosis | blood collecting under skin following blunt trauma; a bruise |
| erythroderma | having reddened/flushed skin |
| hirsutism | excessive hair growth |
| hyperhidrosis | excessive sweating |
| leukoderma | white skin from lack of skin pigment |
| lipoma | fatty mass |
| macule | flat, discolored spot on skin |
| necrosis | condition of cell/tissue death |
| nevus | pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole. usually benign |
| onychomalacia | softening of nails |
| pallor | abnormal paleness of skin |
| papule | small, solid raised spot smaller than 0.5 cm |
| scleroderma | hardened skin |
| urticaria | hives, eruption of wheals with severe itching |
| vesicle | small, fluid filled raised spot, blister |
| wheal | small, round swollen area; typical of allergic skin reaction |
| xeroderma | abnormally dry skin |
| acne vulgaris | common form of teenage acne with comedos, papules, and pustules |
| albinism | genetic condition where the skin is unable to make melanin; skin and hair are white, eyes appear red |
| hyper | excessive |
| hypo | under |
| cicatrix | normal scar |
| decubitus ulcer (decub) | open sore caused by pressure over bony promineces; caused by loss of blood flow to skin |
| dermatosis | presence of a skin condition |
| kaposi's sarcoma | skin cancer seen in aids patients; brownish purple lesions |
| keloid | thick hypertrophic scar |
| keratosis | condition of excessive growth/thickening of epidermis layer |
| laceration | torn/jagged wound |
| malignant melanoma | dangerous form of cancer; begins in melanocytes, quickly metastasizes |
| pediculosis | lice infection |
| scabies | skin disease caused by mite infestation |
| tinea capitis | fungal infection on scalp; ringworm |
| tinea pedis | fungal infection of foot; athletes food |
| varicella | contagious viral infection; chickenpox |
| verruca | warts; benign growth caused by a virus |
| wet gangrene | area of gangrene with secondary bacterial infection/pus |
| alopecia | absence/loss of hair, baldness |
| onychomycosis | fungal infection of the nail |
| paronychia | infection of the skin fold around the nail |
| culture and sensitivity (C&S) | grows bacteria removed from infected area to identify infecting bacteria; also determines the bacterias sensitivity to various antibiotics |
| biopsy (BX, bx) | removal of piece of tissue to examine under microscope |
| exfoliative cytology | scraping cells from tissue to examine under microscope |
| frozen section (FS) | thin piece of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for paid examination under microscope |
| dermatoplasty | skin grafting |
| xenograft | skin graft from an animal of another species, usually a pig. also called heterograft |
| cryosurgery | use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue |
| curettage | removal of superficial skin lesion with a scraper |
| debridement | removal of foreign material and dead/damaged tissue from a wound |
| incision and drainage (I&D) | making an incision to drain material such as pus |
| chemabrasion | abrasion using chemicals, chemical peel |
| dermabrasion | abrasion using wire brushes or soundpaper; removes scars, tattoos |
| liposuction | removal of fat beneath skin by means of suction |
| rhitidectomy | surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles; face lift |
| anesthetic | deadened pain, examples are lidocaine, procaine |
| antiparasitic | kill mites/lice, examples are kuell, hix |
| corticosteroid cream | powerful anti-inflammitory, examples are cotoid, henalog |
| BX, bx | biopsy |
| FS | frozen section |
| I&D | incision and drainage |
| MM | malignant melanoma |
| SG | skin graft |
| tid | three times a day |
| dermatisis | inflammation of the skin |
| permatoplasty | skin grafting or transplantation |
| melanoma | black tumor |
| necrosis | abnormal condition of death |
| onychomalacia | abnormal softening of the nails |
| rhytidectomy | surgical removal of wrinkles |
| ichythyderma | condition of scaly dry skin |
| xeroderma | dry skin condition |
| onychomycosis | abnormal condition of nail fungus |
Created by:
Kimberly0203