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Biochemistry Exam 1

TermDefinition
biochemistry study of how life functions from atomic to organelle level
atomic ratios and charges concepts that biochemistry relies heavily on
homeostasis process of keeping biological systems balanced that requires energy
Le Chatelier's principle a disturbed system at equilibrium will shift to counteract the disturbance and restore balance
oxidation loss of electrons, gain of oxygen bonds, loss of hydrogen bonds, releases energy
reduction gain of electrons, loss of oxygen bonds, gain of hydrogen bonds, stores energy
amino acid monomer containing a carboxylic acid and an amine
peptide bonds used by amino acids to polymerize into proteins (O=C-N)
carbohydrate molecule with one water equivalent and one hydroxyl group per carbon atom
polysaccharides formed via carbohydrates
nucleotide nucleic acid monomer with a 5-membered ribose ring, phosphate group, and aromatic nitrogenous base
lipid hydrophobic molecule with lots of C-H bonds that lacks a polymer form
ammonium water soluble due to positive charge bonding to water's negative charge
ammonia lacks water bonding abilities due to lack of charge so it escapes as gas
standard biochemical free energy (delta G) change in free energy at standard temperature, pressure, and biological pH
thermodynamic spontaneity reactions are spontaneous when systems move from high to low energy and universal entropy increases
natural selection survival and reproduction of individuals where advantageous traits are selected for
genotype inherited DNA instructions
phenotype observable trait from DNA instructions
G6PD deficiency condition resulting in oxidizing blood environment that is selected for to inhibit parasitic growth and increased host survival
Created by: hlr2326
 

 



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