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UNIT 2 SCIENCE
ROCK CYCLE
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Compaction | A process that squeezes sediments together, reducing/removing spaces between them and forming sedimentary rock. |
| Cementation | A process where sediments are cemented or “glued” together by crystallized minerals, forming sedimentary rock. |
| Metamorphism | A process where rocks are subjected to high heat and pressure, forming metamorphic rock. |
| Solidification | The cooling and crystallization of magma, forming igneous rock. |
| Weathering | The wearing down, dissolving, or breaking down of rocks while they are in place. |
| Erosion | Earthen materials are worn down and transported away by natural forces, such as wind or water. |
| Vesicular | Cavities formed in rock from magma gas bubbled |
| Describe the different elements you might find in felsic and mafic rocks. | Granite (Felsic) and basalt (mafic) |
| Describe the different colors between felsic and mafic rocks. | Felsic forms light colored rock while as mafic forms dark colored rock |
| Describe the difference between mineral crystal size in intrusive versus extrusive rocks. | Intrusive rocks have larger crystals than extrusive rocks. |
| Describe how the speed of magma/lava cooling (slow/fast) affects the size of mineral crystals (large/small). | Extrusive cools faster. Intrusive cools slower which forms coarse-grained rocks with large crystals |
| Identify the type of igneous rock that makes up the oceanic crust. | Extrusive (basalt) |
| Identify the type of igneous rock that makes up the continental crust. | Intrusive (granite) |
| How are igneous rocks classified? | according to their origin, texture, and mineral composition. |
| Extrusive - formed from/ cools.../ crystle size/ Texture | lava/ cool fast/ crystle is small/ Texture is fine |
| Intrusive -formed from/ cools.../ crystle size/ Texture | Magma/ cool slow/ Crystle is large/ texture is course |
| Describe the difference between extrusive and intrusive rocks. | Extrusive rock is made by lava and made deeper underground while as intrusive is closer to the surface |
| Sedimentary rocks | types of rock formed when pieces of rock, minerals, or living remains settle in layers on the Earth's surface and harden over time. |
| What are the 3 different types of sedimentary rock properties? | Clastic, organic, chemical |
| Metamorphic rock | rock that has been changed (metamorphosed) into a different rock type by an increase in temperature and/or pressure (without actually melting). |
| Metamorphism | occur due to the action of chemical fluids. |
| If The temperature is cool then will it crystlize fast or slow | slow |
| If The temperature is hot then will it crystlize fast or slow | fast |
| The hotter a rock is. ___ _________ It crystlize's | the faster |
| Foliated and nonfoliated are 2 categories for which rock type? - Sedimentary - Igneous - Metamorphic | Metamorphic |
| Extrusive and intrusive are 2 categories for which rock type? - Sedimentary - Igneous - Metamorphic | Igneous |
| Which location will we most likely find metamorphic rock? A. Appalachian mountains B. Outer Banks C. Amazon Rainforest | Appalachian mountains |
| Which type of rock would I most form from tropical swamp plants? | coal |
| The grain size of extrusive rock is…. | fine to glassy |
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