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Math Olympiad Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| angle | A geometric figure formed when two rays meet at a common point called a vertex ● Angles are represented in units called degrees. ● An acute angle measures less than 90 degrees. ● A right angle measures exactly 90 degrees. ● An obtuse angle measures between 90 and 180 degrees. ● A straight angle measures exactly 180 degrees. ● A reflex angle measures between 180 and 360 degrees. |
| area | The amount of space covered by a figure |
| Circle | A plane shape bounded by a continuous line which is always the same distance from the center |
| Circumference | The perimeter of a circle |
| Common Fraction | A fraction where both the numerator and denominator are integers Note: The denominator can not be 0. |
| Complex Fraction | A fraction in which the numerator, the denominator, or both contain a fraction |
| Composite Number | A number that has more than two factors |
| Congruent | Having the same shape and size |
| Consecutive Even Numbers | Multiples of 2 that differ by 2 |
| Consecutive Numbers | Counting numbers that differ by one |
| Consecutive Odd Numbers | Non multiples of 2 that differ by 2 |
| Counting Numbers | {1, 2, 3, ...} |
| Difference | The result of subtraction |
| Digit | A symbol used to show a number {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} |
| Divisible | Can be divided evenly without leaving a remainder |
| Factor | A whole number that divides exactly into another number |
| Greatest Common Factor (GCF) | The highest common factor that will divide two or more other numbers exactly |
| Improper Fraction | A fraction whose value is greater than one whole |
| Integers | {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …} |
| Least Common Multiple (LCM) | The smallest number that is the multiple of two or more numbers |
| Mean (average) | The total of all scores or amounts divided by how many scores there were |
| Meadian | The middle value of an ordered set of numbers |
| Mode | In a set of scores, values or numbers, the one that occurs most frequently |
| Multiple | A sequence of products using the same base number multiplied by different numbers |
| Negative Numbers | Numbers less than zero |
| Order of Operations | The order in which mathematical operations must be done ● Do operations in parentheses, braces, or brackets first, working from the inside out ● Do multiplication and division from left to right, and then ● Do addition and subtraction from left to right |
| Palindromic Number | Number that reads the same forward and backwards |
| Percent | A fraction expressed as a number out of 100 followed by the % symbol |
| Perfect Square/Square Number | A number that results from multiplying an integer by itself ● Ex: 16 is a perfect square because 4 x 4 = 16. |
| Perimeter | The distance around the outside of a figure |
| Polygon | A closed figure with 3 or more straight sides |
| Positive Numbers | Numbers greater than 0 |
| Prime Number | A number that has exactly 2 factors Note: 1 is not a prime number because it only has one factor |
| Probability | The likelihood that a particular outcome will occur found by dividing the number of times an event does occur by the total number of times the event can possibly occur |
| Product | The result of multiplication |
| Proper Fraction | A fraction whose value is less than one whole |
| Quadrilateral | A 4-sided polygon ● The sum of the angles in every quadrilateral is 360 degrees. ● A diagonal is a line segment that connects two opposite vertices. ● A trapezoid has at least one pair of parallel sides. ● A parallelogram has exactly two pairs of parallel,congruent sides. ● A rhombus is a parallelogram with 4 congruent sides. ● A rectangle is a parallelogram with 4 right angles. ● A square is a parallelogram with 4 congruent sides and 4 right angles. |
| Quotient | The result of division |
| Ratio | The comparison of 2 values which may be written as a to b, a:b, or 𝑎𝑏 |
| Remainder | The value left over when a dividend is not completely divisible by a divisor |
| Or | Or is inclusive ("a or b" means "a or b" or both) |
| Ordered List (sequence) | A set is an unordered collection of members. The sets {1,2,3} {1,3,2} |
| vs Set | {2,1,3} {2,3,1) {3,1,2} and {3,2,1} are all ways of writing the same set. Whereas the ordered lists {1,2,3} and {1,3,2} are different. |
| Similar | Having the same shape but not necessarily the same size |
| Simplest Form | A fraction where the only common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1 |
| Solid | Three-dimensional object or shape |
| Sum | The result of adition |
| Surface Area | The sum of the areas of all the faces of a geometric solid. |
| Triangle | A 3-sided polygon ● The sum of the angles in every triangle is 180 degrees. ● An acute triangle has 3 acute angles. ● A right triangle has one right angle. ● An obtuse triangle has one obtuse angle. ● An equilateral triangle has three congruent sides. ● An isosceles triangle has exactly two congruent sides. ● A scalene triangle has no congruent sides. |
| Unit Fraction | A fraction with a numerator of 1 |
| Vertex | The point where two or more line segments or edges meet. |
| Volume | The amount of space occupied by an object. |
| Whole Numbers | {0, 1, 2, 3, …} |
| Divisibility Rule of 2 | A number is divisible by 2 is if the last digit is even |
| Divisibility Rule of 3 | A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3 |
| Divisibility Rule of 4 | A number is divisible by 4 if the last two digits are divisible by 4 |
| Divisibility Rule of 5 | A number is divisible by 5 if the last digit is 0 or 5 |
| Divisibility Rule of 6 | A number is divisible by 6 if it is divisible by 2 and 3. |
| Divisibility Rule of 9 | A number ris divisible by 9 if the sum of the digits is divisble by 9 |
| Standard Form | Number written using digits |
| Digit Sum | Total of its individual digits |
| Decimal | a fraction whose denominator is a power of ten written using decimal point notation |
Created by:
Amanda Lovett