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Unit 0
psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Replication | the repetition of an original experiment or research study to verify bolster confidence in tits results |
| Peer Review | the evaluation of scientific or academic work, such as research or articles submitted to journals for publication by other qualified professionals in the same field |
| Independent variable | The variable in an experiment that is specifically manipulated or is observed to occur before the dependent variable |
| dependent variable | the outcome that is observed to occur or change after the occurrence or variation of the independent variable in an experiment, or the effect one wants to conduct to explain in correlational research |
| confounding variable | in an experiment, an IV that is conceptually distinct but empirically inseparable from 1 or more IV. Makes it impossible to differentiate that variable's effects in isolation |
| Random Assignment | in experimental design, the assignment of participants or units to the different conditions of an experiment entirely at random so that each unit or participant has an equal likelihood of being assigned to any particular condition |
| Confirmation Bias | the tendency to gather evidence that confirms pre-existing expectations, typically by emphasizing or pursuing supporting evidence while dismissing or failing to seek contradictory evidence. |
| hindsight bias | the tendency after an event occurred to overestimate the extent to which the outcome could have been foreseen. it stems from cognitive inputs and meta cognitive inputs and motivational inputs |
| Overconfidence | a cognitive bias characterized by an overestimation of one's actual ability certainty in the accuracy of ones beliefs. |
| hypothesis | an empirically testable proposition about some fact, behavior, relationship, or the like, usually based on theory that states an expected outcome resulting from specific conditions or assumptions |
| falsifiability | the condition of admitting falsification: the logical possibility that an assertion, hypothesis, or theory can be shown false by an observation or experiment |
| operational defintion | a description of something in terms of the operations (procedures, actions, or processes) by which it could be observed or measured |
| experimental group | a group of participants in a research study who are exposed to a particular manipulation of the independent variable |
| control group | a comparison group in a study whose members receive either no intervention at all or some established intervention |
| Placebo | 1. a pharmacological inert substance, such as a sugar pill that is often administered as a control in testing new drugs |