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Minerals

TermDefinition
Minerals The building blocks of rocks.
The number of characteristics that something MUST have to be considered a mineral. 5 characteristics
Naturally Occurring Must occur naturally. It must be found in the Earth's crust and not manufactured by people.
Inorganic Cannot come from something that is alive or has ever been alive.
Solid Has a definite volume and shape. They cannot flow like a liquid.
Crystal Structure The particles must line up in an orderly pattern that repeats over and over again; specific arrangement of atoms.
Definite Chemical Formula A mineral must have a fixed chemical formula.
How to identify unknown minerals? Properties
Color This property of a mineral can vary greatly and is the least helpful for identification.
Hardness A mineral's resistance to being scratched. (Moh's Scale of Hardness) Talc - softest mineral (1) Diamond - hardest mineral (10)
Luster The way the mineral reflects light. Metallic - metal, shines like polished metal Nonmetallic - dull, earthy, pearly, waxy
Breakage The way a mineral breaks when hit with a hammer. Cleavage - breaks are smooth / flat surfaces or planes Fracture - breaks along curved or irregular surfaces
Streak The color of a mineral as a powder. Streak plates (porcelain tiles) are used to see the streak.
Density The minerals mass divided by the volume.
Buoyancy The minerals ability to float in water.
Magnetism The minerals ability to be magnetic.
Created by: nicole.jackson
 

 



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