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Chem Ch1.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| accuracy | how closely a measurement aligns with a correct value |
| atom | smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical combination |
| Celsius (°C) | unit of temperature; water freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C on this scale |
| chemical change | change producing a different kind of matter from the original kind of matter |
| chemical property | behavior that is related to the change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter |
| chemistry | study of the composition, properties, and interactions of matter |
| compound | pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more elements |
| cubic centimeter (cm³ or cc) | volume of a cube with an edge length of exactly 1 cm |
| cubic meter (m³) | SI unit of volume |
| density | ratio of mass to volume for a substance or object |
| dimensional analysis | mathematical strategy for calculations involving quantities and their units |
| element | substance composed of a single type of atom; cannot be decomposed by a chemical change |
| exact number | number derived by counting or by definition |
| extensive property | property of a substance that depends on the amount of the substance |
| factor-label method | mathematical strategy for calculations involving quantities and their units |
| Fahrenheit | unit of temperature; water freezes at 32 °F and boils at 212 °F on this scale |
| gas | state in which matter has neither definite volume nor shape |
| heterogeneous mixture | combination of substances with a composition that varies from point to point |
| homogeneous mixture | combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout |
| hypothesis | tentative explanation of observations that guides the gathering and checking of information |
| intensive property | property of a substance that is independent of the amount of the substance |
| kelvin (K) | SI unit of temperature; 273.15 K |
| kilogram (kg) | standard SI unit of mass |
| law | statement that summarizes experimental observations and describes or predicts an aspect of the natural world |
| law of conservation of matter | when matter changes type or form, the total amount of matter remains unchanged |
| length | measure of one dimension of an object |
| liquid | state of matter with a definite volume but indefinite shape |
| liter (L) | unit of volume; 1 L |
| macroscopic domain | realm of everyday things large enough to sense directly |
| mass | fundamental property indicating the amount of matter |
| matter | anything that occupies space and has mass |
| meter (m) | standard metric and SI unit of length; approximately 1.094 yards |
| microscopic domain | realm of things too small to be sensed directly |
| milliliter (mL) | 1/1,000 of a liter; equal to 1 cm³ |
| mixture | matter that can be separated into its components by physical means |
| molecule | bonded collection of two or more atoms of the same or different elements |
| physical change | change in the state or properties of matter that does not change its chemical composition |
| physical property | characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition |
| plasma | gaseous state of matter containing many electrically charged atoms and/or molecules |
| precision | how closely a measurement matches the same measurement when repeated |
| pure substance | homogeneous substance with a constant composition |
| rounding | procedure used to make calculated results properly reflect measurement uncertainty |
| scientific method | process of discovery involving questions, observations, hypotheses, experiments, and theories |
| second (s) | SI unit of time |
| SI units | standards fixed by international agreement in the International System of Units |
| significant digits | all measured digits in a measurement, including the uncertain last digit |
| significant figures | all measured digits in a measurement, including the uncertain last digit |
| solid | state of matter that is rigid, has a definite shape, and has a fairly constant volume |
| solution | combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout |
| symbolic domain | specialized language used to represent macroscopic and microscopic matter, including symbols, formulas, equations, graphs, and calculations |
| temperature | intensive property representing the hotness or coldness of matter |
| theory | well-substantiated, comprehensive, testable explanation of a particular aspect of nature |
| uncertainty | estimate of how much a measurement differs from the true value |
| unit | standard of comparison for measurements |
| unit conversion factor | ratio of equivalent quantities expressed in different units, used to convert units |
| volume | amount of space occupied by an object |
| weight | force that gravity exerts on an object |
| density | mass ÷ volume |
| T°C | 5/9 × (T°F − 32) |
| T°F | (9/5 × T°C) + 32 |
| T K | T°C + 273.15 |
| T°C | T K − 273.15 |
Created by:
Erista