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Rizal prelim
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a "bill" in the legislative process? | A measure which, if passed through the legislative process, becomes a law |
| What does "unexpurgated" mean, in the context of Rizal's novels? | Untouched or uncensored; not changed to remove offensive parts |
| What does "bicameral" mean? | Involving the two chambers of Congress: the Senate and the House of Representatives |
| What happens in Step 1 of a bill becoming a law? | The bill is filed in the Senate Office of the Secretary, given a number, and calendared for first reading |
| What happens during First Reading? | The bill's title, number, and author(s) are read on the floor, then referred to the appropriate committee |
| What happens during Committee Hearings? | The bill is discussed, consultations are held, and the committee approves (as-is, with amendments, or with substitution) or rejects it |
| What happens during Second Reading? | The bill is read and discussed on the floor, the author gives a sponsorship speech, and debates/amendments occur |
| What is voted on in the Third Reading? | Final copies of the bill are distributed and members vote for final approval or rejection |
| What is a bicameral conference committee used for? | To reconcile differences between the Senate and House versions of a bill |
| What is the final step before a bill becomes law? | Transmittal of the final version to Malacañang for the President to sign or veto |
| What was Senate Bill No. 438? | The bill that eventually became the Rizal Law |
| Who sponsored the Rizal Bill? | Jose P. Laurel |
| What law resulted from the Rizal Bill? | Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law |
| What is "sovereignty"? | The authority to govern a polity without external interference |
| What is a "state"? | A political entity that wields sovereignty over a defined territory |
| What is a "nation"? | A group of people sharing a common language, culture, and history |
| What is a "nation-state"? | A state that governs or rules over a nation |
| What is "patriotism"? | A feeling of attachment to one's homeland |
| What does the Primordialism theory claim about national identity? | That it is rooted in deep, existing features of a group like race, language, and religion, and has always existed |
| What does the Modernity theory claim about nationalism? | That it is a product of social structures brought by capitalism, urbanization, secularization, and bureaucratization |
| What does the Constructivist approach claim about nationalism? | That nationalism is socially constructed and imagined by people who identify with a group |
| What Filipino frameworks trace nation and nationalism through indigenous knowledge? | Sikolohiyang Pilipino and Bagong Kasaysayan |
| What is "Kapwa"? | A core concept in Filipino social relations that supports unity and harmony in a community |
| What is "Bayan" or "Banua"? | The territory where people live or the community they identify with, both spatial and imagined |
| What is "nationalism"? | Advocacy for a nation's political independence and identification with one's own nation's interests |
| What is a "millenarian group"? | A socio-political movement believing in the coming of a major social transformation with the establishment of the Kingdom of God |
| What is a "Rizalista"? | A religious movement that believes in the divinity of Jose Rizal |
| What does "Jove Rex Al" mean? | God, King of All — a Latin-style name Rizalistas gave to Jose Rizal |
| What is a "colorum"? | A secret society that fought against the colonial government in the Philippines |
| What is "canonization"? | The act of declaring a dead person as a saint |
| Who declared Rizal the National Hero, and when? | The Taft Commission, in 1901 |
| What organization was formed by professional men to honor Rizal, now known as the Knights of Rizal? | Caballeros de Rizal |
| Who gave Rizal the title "Tagalog Christ," and in what year? | Miguel de Unamuno, in 1907 |
| What is one parallel Rizalistas draw between Jesus and Rizal? | Both fulfilled a mission of redemption (Jesus for sin, Rizal for oppression) and died young at their enemies' hands |
| Who canonized Rizal as a saint, and when? | The Philippine Independent Church (PIC), led by Gregorio Aglipay, on September 24, 1903 |
| Who founded the Adarnista movement, and when? | Candida Balantac, in 1901 |
| What did the Adarnista movement teach about Rizal? | That Rizal is a true god and a true man |
| Who founded Sambahang Rizal (Rizal Church)? | Basilio Aromin, in 1918 |
| What do Sambahang Rizal followers consider their "Bible"? | The Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo |
| What did Iglesia Watawat ng Lahi teach about Rizal? | That Rizal was Christ and the "Messenger of God" |
| What did the Suprema de la Iglesia de Ciudad Mistica de Dios teach? | That Jesus Christ's work was continued by Jose Rizal and the twelve "lights" (apostles) |
| What is "Principalia"? | The ruling and usually educated upper class in Spanish colonial Philippines |
| What is an "Ilustrado"? | A term meaning "enlightened ones," referring to Filipinos educated in Europe |
| When and where was Jose Rizal born? | June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna |
| What is Rizal's full name? | Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal Alonzo y Realonda |
| Where does the surname "Rizal" come from? | The Spanish word "Ricial," meaning a field where cut green wheat sprouts again |
| Who baptized Jose Rizal? | Father Rufino Collantes |
| Who was Rizal's godfather? | Father Pedro Casañas |
| Who was Rizal's father? | Don Francisco Mercado (1818–1898) |
| Who was Rizal's mother? | Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826–1911) |
| What poem did Rizal write about his hometown in 1876? | Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town) |
| What was Rizal's first sorrow as a child? | The death of his baby sister, Concha |
| What was Rizal's first poem written in a native language, and at what age? | Sa Aking Mga Kabata (To My Fellow Children), at age eight |
| What are the three influences on Rizal's boyhood? | Hereditary influence, environmental influence, and the aid of Divine Providence |
| Who was Rizal's first teacher? | His mother, Doña Teodora |
| Who taught Rizal in a private school in Biñan? | Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz |
| What event occurred on February 17, 1872, that deeply influenced Rizal? | The execution of Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA) |
| Which novel did Rizal dedicate to GOMBURZA? | El Filibusterismo |
| What false accusation was made against Rizal's mother, Doña Teodora? | That she and her brother tried to poison the brother's disloyal wife |
| Why was Rizal initially refused admission to Ateneo Municipal? | He was late for registration and considered sickly and undersized for his age |
| Who helped get Rizal admitted to Ateneo despite the initial refusal? | Manuel Xerez Burgos |
| Why did Rizal adopt the surname "Rizal" instead of "Mercado" at Ateneo? | Because the family name "Mercado" had come under suspicion of the Spanish authorities |
| In the Jesuit system at Ateneo, what were the two student groups called? | Roman Empire (boarders) and Carthaginian Empire (non-boarders) |
| Which professor inspired Rizal's writing and poetry at Ateneo? | Father Francisco de Paula Sanchez |
| When did Rizal graduate from Ateneo, and with what honors? | March 23, 1877, with a Bachelor of Arts degree and highest honors |
| What poem won Rizal first prize at age 18, calling Filipinos the "fair hope of the Fatherland"? | A la Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth) |
| What secret society did Rizal found at the University of Santo Tomas? | Compañerismo, in 1880 |
| Name one reason Rizal was unhappy at the University of Santo Tomas. | Hostile Dominican professors, racial discrimination against Filipino students, or obsolete/repressive teaching methods |
| What name did Rizal use when he departed for Spain in 1882? | Jose Mercado |
| What was Rizal's first article written on Spanish soil, and under what pen name? | Amor Patrio, under the pen name Laong Laan |
| What Masonic lodge did Rizal later transfer to, becoming a Master Mason? | Lodge Solidaridad |
| When did Rizal complete his medical course (Licentiate in Medicine) in Madrid? | June 21, 1884 |
| What degree did Rizal receive on his 24th birthday, June 19, 1885? | Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters, with the rating "Excellent" (Sobresaliente) |
| Why did Rizal study ophthalmology in Paris, Heidelberg, and Berlin? | He wanted to cure his mother's eye ailment |
| In which of Juan Luna's paintings did Rizal pose as an Egyptian priest? | The Death of Cleopatra |
| In which of Juan Luna's paintings did Rizal pose as Sikatuna? | The Blood Compact |
| Under which doctor did Rizal work in Heidelberg? | Dr. Otto Becker |
| What two works did Rizal translate into Tagalog while in Leipzig? | Schiller's William Tell and Hans Andersen's Fairy Tales |
| Who was Rizal's close friend and correspondent in Leitmeritz, Austria? | Professor Ferdinand Blumentritt |
| When did Rizal arrive in Dapitan for his exile, and on what ship? | July 17, 1892, aboard the steamer Cebu |
| Who accompanied George Taufer to Dapitan and later fell in love with Rizal? | Josephine Bracken |
| Who informed Rizal about the Katipunan and the planned revolution? | Dr. Pio Valenzuela |
| Why did Rizal object to the Katipunan's planned revolution? | He believed it lacked proper planning and sufficient arms |
| Who ordered Rizal shipped back to Manila instead of allowing him to go to Cuba? | Governor-General Despujol |
| When did Rizal's preliminary trial investigation begin? | November 20, 1896 |
| Who was Rizal's defense lawyer at his trial? | Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade |
| Who signed the order for Rizal's execution, and when? | Governor-General Camilo de Polavieja, on December 28, 1896 |
| What poem did Rizal write in his final days before execution? | Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell) |
| How did Rizal's family retrieve his final poem? | He hid it inside a gas/oil lamp, which he gave to his sister Trinidad |
| When and where was Rizal executed? | December 30, 1896, at Bagumbayan (Luneta) |
| What were Rizal's last words at his execution? | "Consummatum est!" ("It is finished!") |
Created by:
froguto7