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APC2 Quiz 6
ID 1-2
| Brand | Generic | Category | Indications | Activity against | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| --- | penicillin V potassium (PO), penicillin G potassium (IV) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (natural penicillin) | Pharyngitis, SSTI, syphilis (IV/IM) | Streptococcus pyogenes, Treponema pallidum (syphilis) | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| --- | amoxicillin (PO) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (aminopenicillin) | Otitis media, pharyngitis | Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Augmentin, Augmentin XR | amoxicillin and clavulanate (PO) | Beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | Otitis media, bacterial sinusitis | MSSA, Streptococcus pneumoniae, anaerobes, Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Unasyn | ampicillin and sulbactam (IV) | Beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | DFI, IAI | MSSA, Streptococcus pneumoniae, anaerobes, Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Zosyn | piperacillin and tazobactam (IV) | Beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | HAP, VAP, DFI, IAI | Psuedomonas aeruginosa, anaerobes | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Keflex | cephalexin (PO) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (first generation cephalosporin) | SSTI | MSSA, Streptococcus pyogenes | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Ancef | cefazolin (IV) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (first generation cephalosporin) | Antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery, catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), SSTI | MSSA, Streptococcus pyogenes | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| IV: Zinacef PO: Ceftin | cefuroxime (IV, PO) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (second generation cephalosporin) | CAP, otitis media | Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Omnicef | cefdinir (PO) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin) | Otitis media, bacterial sinusitis | Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Rocephin | ceftriaxone (IV, IM) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin) | Meningitis, CAP, pyelonephritis | Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons |
| Maxipime | cefepime (IV) | Beta-lactam antibiotic (fourth generation cephalosporin) | Meningitis, VAP, HAP, pyelonephritis | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensi vity reac ons, seizures or encephalopathy with excessive doses |
| Merrem | meropenem (IV) | Carbapenem | Meningitis, HAP, DFI, IAI | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses |
| Invanz | ertapenem (IV) | Carbapenem | DFI, IAI | ESBL-producing Enterobacteriacae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses |
| Cipro | ciprofloxacin (PO, IV) | Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | Pyelonephritis, HAP, VAP | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, atypicals, Enterobacteriacae | QTcP, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity BW may cause serious adverse reactions like tendinitis/ tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; may exacerbate muscle weakness in pts w/ myasthenia gravis ON: take PO fqnl 2 hr before or 6 hr after things containing divalent or trivalent cations; increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., disorientation and delirium) |
| Levaquin | levofloxacin (PO, IV) | Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | CAP, HAP, VAP, pyelonephritis | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, Enterobacteriacae | QTcP, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity BW may cause serious adverse reactions like tendinitis/ tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; may exacerbate muscle weakness in pts w/ myasthenia gravis ON: take PO fqnl 2 hr before or 6 hr after things containing divalent or trivalent cations; increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., disorientation and delirium) |
| Ophthalmic: Vigamox PO, IV: Avelox | moxifloxacin (ophthalmic, PO, IV) | Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | Ophthalmic: bacterial conjunctivitis PO, IV: CAP | Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, tuberculosis | QTcP, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity BW may cause serious adverse reactions like tendinitis/ tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; may exacerbate muscle weakness in pts w/ myasthenia gravis ON: take PO fqnl 2 hr before or 6 hr after things containing divalent or trivalent cations; increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., disorientation and delirium) |
| Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax | azithromycin (PO, IV) | Macrolide antibiotic | CAP | Chlamydia trachomatis, atypicals | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, QTc prolongation |
| Dificid | fidaxomicin (PO) | Macrolide antibiotic | CDI | Clostridioides difficile | Key Side Effects: nausea Other Notes: do not use for systemic infections (no systemic absorption) |
| Vibramycin | doxycycline (PO, IV) | Tetracycline antibiotic | SSTI, CAP, tickborne diseases | MRSA, atypicals | Key Side Effects: esophagitis (doxycycline only), photosensitivity Other Notes: avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth suppression and teeth discoloration; take oral tetracyclines 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements) |
| Minocin | minocycline (PO, IV) | Tetracycline antibiotic | SSTI, acne | MRSA | Key Side Effects: DILE (minocycline only) photosensitivity Other Notes: avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth suppression and teeth discoloration; take oral tetracyclines 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements) |